Soc 10: Preventing Injuries

Question 1

Concussions

Answer 1

This occurs when there is a blow to the head.

Symptoms: headaches, confusion, slurred speech and loss of balance.

Question 2

Fracture

Answer 2

Compound- when the bone pretudes the skin and is out of it.
Closed- full break but does not penetrate the skin.
Simple- does not fully separate the bone, it is still connected.
Stress- a repeated action creates friction.

Question 3

Abrasion

Answer 3

A graze caused by friction with a rough surface. For example, concrete.

Question 4

Dislocation

Answer 4

A dislocation is when a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position. Often occurs as a result of a hard blow which causes one of the bones to be displaced.
Symptoms: deformity and swelling of the joint, which is locked out of position.

Question 5

Torn cartilage

Answer 5

Cartilage is a firm elastic substance which lines adjoining bones. It absorbs the impact on the bones while reducing the friction during sports/ activity. Damage to cartilage often occurs due to wear and tear from long-term overuse.

Question 6

Sprains

Answer 6

A sprain is a damaged ligament. One of the most common sprains in sport is a twisted ankle. Sprains often occur when stretching too far past the normal range of a joint, but can also be caused by falling or colliding with an opponent.
Symptoms: Swelling

Question 7

Soft tissue injury

Answer 7

Joints are where two or more bones meet. They are particular prone injury because movement past the range can tear or pull tendons and ligaments.

Question 8

Strains

Answer 8

A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or a tendon (while a sprain is an injury to a ligament). Most common strains are in the back and the hamstrings.

Question 9

PAR-Q (Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire)

Answer 9

Before starting an exercise programme you must partake in this. It identifies weaknesses and suggests if you should or should not partake in this.

Question 10

Using the correct principles of training

Answer 10

If you are planning a PEP you should make sure that it is for you and planned for you to meet your individual needs

Frequency: If you’re just starting out three sessions a week if plenty, you can gradually increase this as you get fitter

Intensity: Don’t go out too hard, start with short runs at a low intensity

Time: Start with session no longer than 30mins well within your target zone

Type: Choose the right method of training for you and your current fitness

Question 11

Playing to the rules and competition

Answer 11

All games and sports have rules so that there can be fair competition. Rules help to ensure player safety. If rules are broken,participants are punished. Offences can include; ‘professional fouls’, over aggression which can threaten a player’s career.

Question 12

Protective equipment/ clothing

Answer 12

Many activities require protective equipment or specific clothing. This will vary depending on the sport and position. It is also important to not wear clothing that might injure an opponent (jewellery etc).

Question 13

Checking equipment and facilities

Answer 13

Organisers and officials, as well as participants, need to check for safety before an activity or competition. Organisers should check that the facilities are safe and secure, and that any equipment is in good condition.

Question 14

Warming up/ cooling down

Answer 14

A warmup gradually revs up your cardiovascular system by raising your body temperature and increasing blood flow to your muscles. Warming up may also help reduce muscle soreness and lessen your risk of injury. Cooling down after your workout allows for a gradual recovery of preexercise heart rate and blood pressure.