Soc 16

Question 1

What are arteries?

Answer 1

Arteries are a type of blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

Question 2

What are the features of an artery?

Answer 2

• They have thick walls
• Are more elastic than veins as they carry blood at a higher pressure
• carry oxygenated blood
• Lumen can widen while exercising for blood to reach working muscles

Question 3

What are veins?

Answer 3

Veins are a type of blood vessel that carry blood into the heart.

Question 4

What are the features of veins?

Answer 4

• Have much thinner walls & are less elastic.
• Carries blood at a lower pressure.
• Contain valves to prevent the back flow of blood.

Question 5

How is the pulmonary vein different to other veins?

Answer 5

Because it carries oxygenated blood from lungs to the heart.

Question 6

What are capillaries?

Answer 6

A microscopic type of blood vessel that transfers nutrients and oxygen to the muscles.

Question 7

What are the features of capillaries?

Answer 7

• 1 cell thick.
• At one end they carry deoxygenated blood into veins.
• At the other they carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and nutrients to the muscles.
• Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place.

Question 8

What are the two phases of heart blood pumping?

Answer 8

1. Systolic Phase
2. Diastolic Phase

Question 9

What happens during the systolic phase?

Answer 9

• Blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles (lub)
• Then both the ventricles contract (dub)
• Pushes deoxygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery
• Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle via the aorta

Question 10

What happens during the diastolic phase?

Answer 10

• Where the heart relaxes and refills the atria with blood.

Question 11

What is blood pressure?

Answer 11

• Blood pressure is a measure of the force that your heart uses to pump blood around your body.

Question 12

What can high blood pressure indicate?

Answer 12

A higher risk of health problems.

Question 13

What are the features of red blood cells?

Answer 13

• Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
• Contain haemoglobin, which stores oxygen & carbon dioxide.

Question 14

What are the features of white blood cells?

Answer 14

• Defence system of the body
• Produce antibodies to fight against infection

Question 15

What are the features of platelets?

Answer 15

• Formed in bone marrow
• Tiny fragments that clump together to clot

Question 16

What are the features of Plasma?

Answer 16

• Takes nutrients, hormones & proteins to parts of the body that need it.
• Remove waste products from the body.