Soc Final

Question 1

According to G. William Domhoff’s model of the political power structure, which coalition would colleges and universities likely belong to?

A. Corporate-Conservative coalition
B. Liberal-Labor coalition
C. Environmental-Elite coalition
D. Policy formation coalition

Answer 1

B. Liberal-Labor coalition

Question 2

What was the most important type of authority that Nelson Mandela possessed?

A. Traditional
B. Rational-legal
C. Charismatic
D. Democratic

Answer 2

C. Charismatic

Question 3

Which recent event was reminiscent of Philip Zimbardo’s mock prison experiment conducted in 1971?

A. The invasion of Kuwaiti jails
B. The Abu Ghraib prison scandal
C. The terrorist attacks of 9/11
D. None of the answers are true

Answer 3

B. The Abu Ghraib prison scandal

Question 4

As described by C. Wright Mills, the power elite is?

A. A small group of military, industrial, and government leaders who control the fate of the United States
B. All holders of statewide and national office in the United States
C. The “Old Money” families who control the American economy
D. All of the answers are correct

Answer 4

D. All the answers are correct

Question 5

The fight against a hazardous waste landfall in Warren County, North Carolina is an example of the concept of ______ at work.

A. SNAFU
B. The EPA
C. NIMBY
D. Catch-22

Answer 5

C. NIMBY

Question 6

The industrialized nations of North America and Europe account for 12 percent of the world’s population and ____ percent of the worldwide consumption.

A. 20
B. 40
C. 60
D. 80

Answer 6

C. 60

Question 7

Which of the following was the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases in 2000?

A. The United States
B. The European Union
C. China
D. Russia

Answer 7

A. The United States

Question 8

Which of the following is greater in developing nations than in industrialized nations

A. Rural population
B. Child mortality
C. Total population size
D. All of the answers are correct

Answer 8

D. All of the answers are correct

Question 9

_____ resulted in explosive economic growth but the ensuing rise in living standards was a evenly distributed across the world.

A. The Industrial Revolution
B. Colonization
C. World War I
D. World War II

Answer 9

A. The Industrial Revolution

Question 10

Weber Defined force as?

Answer 10

answer: The actual use of threats

Question 11

A social institution dedicated to the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services

Answer 11

Economy

Question 12

The systematic, widespread withdrawal of investment in basic aspects of productivity, such as factories and plants

Answer 12

Deindustrialization

Question 13

Reductions in a company’s workforce as part of deindustrialization

Answer 13

Downsizing

Question 14

The transfer of work to foreign contractors

Answer 14

Offshoring

Question 15

The ability to exercise one’s will over others even if they resist

Answer 15

Power

Question 16

The actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one’s will on others

Answer 16

Force

Question 17

Power that is recognized as legitimate by the people over who it is exercised

Answer 17

Authority

Question 18

Legitimate power conferred by custom and accepted practice

Answer 18

Traditional Authority

Question 19

Power made legitimate by a leader’s exceptional personal or emotional appeal to his or her followers

Answer 19

Charismatic Authority

Question 20

Authority based on formally agreed-upon and accepted rules, principles, and procedures of conduct that are established in order to accomplish goal in the most efficient manner possible

Answer 20

Rational-legal Authority

Question 21

An economic system based on private property, in which profit-seeking individuals, companies, and corporations compete in the marketplace.

Answer 21

Capitalism

Question 22

The principle that people should be able to compete freely, without government intervention, in the capitalist marketplace

Answer 22

Laissez-Faire

Question 23

Control of a market by a single business firm

Answer 23

Monopoly

Question 24

An economic system under which the means of production and distribution are collectively owned

Answer 24

Socialism

Question 25

An economic system that combines elements of both capitalism and socialism

Answer 25

Mixed economy

Question 26

Transfers of money, goods, or services that are not reported to the government

Answer 26

Informal economy

Question 27

The competition between individuals or groups over the allocation of valued resources

Answer 27

Politics

Question 28

The social institutional that is founded on a recognized set of procedures for implementing and achieving society's goals.

Answer 28

Political system

Question 29

A form of government headed by a single member of a royal family, usually a king, queen, or some other hereditary ruler

Answer 29

Monarchy

Question 30

A form of government in which a few individuals rule

Answer 30

Oligarchy

Question 31

A government in which one person has nearly total power to make and enforce laws

Answer 31

Dictatorship

Question 32

Virtually complete government control and surveillance over all aspects of society's social and political life

Answer 32

Totalitarianism

Question 33

In a literal sense, government by the people

Answer 33

Democracy

Question 34

A system of government in which citizens elect political leaders to make decisions on behalf of the people

Answer 34

Representative Democracy

Question 35

A view of society as being ruled by a small group of individuals who share a common set of political and economic interests

Answer 35

Elite model

Question 36

A small group of military, industrial, and government leaders who control the fate of the United States

Answer 36

Power Elite

Question 37

A view of society in which many competing groups withing the community have access to government, so that no single group is dominant

Answer 37

Pluralist model

Question 38

Conflict between organizations that possess trained combat forces equipped with deadly weapons

Answer 38

War

Question 39

The use of threat of violence against random or symbolic targets in pursuit of political aims

Answer 39

Terrorism

Question 40

The absence of war or, more broadly, a proactive effort to develop cooperative relations among nations

Answer 40

Peace

Question 41

Adam Smith's 4 factors to capitalism

Answer 41

- pursuit of profit - Competition in the market - Law of supply and demand - Laissez Faire (let people do as they please, gov. approach)

Question 42

Karl Marx's 5 factors to Socialism

Answer 42

- humans must produce - Production makes us uniquely human - We pour ourselves into our products - Economy determines society - Scarcity and distribution are obstacles to the good of society

Question 43

T. H. Marshall's 3 categories of citizenship rights

Answer 43

- civil rights - individual freedoms, etc. - Political rights - voting, etc. - Social rights - Welfare, security, etc.

Question 44

The far-reaching process by which nations pass from traditional forms of social organization toward those characteristic of post-industrial revolution societies

Answer 44

Modernization

Question 45

The maintenance of political, social, economic, and cultural dominance over a people by a foreign power for an extended period.

Answer 45

Colonialism

Question 46

Continuing dependence over a people by a foreign power for an extended period.

Answer 46

Neocolonialism

Question 47

The maintenance of political, social, economic, and cultural dominance over a people by a foreign power for an extended period

Answer 47

Colonialism

Question 48

A view of the global economic system as one divided between certain industrialized nations that control wealth and developing countries that are controlled and exploited

Answer 48

World Systems Analysis

Question 49

An approach contending that industrialized nations continue to exploit developing countries for their own gain

Answer 49

Dependency Theory

Question 50

A commercial organization that is headquartered in one country but does business throughout the world

Answer 50

Multinational Corporation

Question 51

The total value of a nation's goods and services

Answer 51

Gross national income

Question 52

The area of common culture along the border between Mexico and the United States

Answer 52

Borderlands

Question 53

The monies that immigrants return to their families of origin. Also called remasas.

Answer 53

Remittances

Question 54

Universal moral rights possessed by all people because they are human

Answer 54

Human Rights

Question 55

The statistical study of population dynamics

Answer 55

Demography

Question 56

The number of children born in a given period of time

Answer 56

Fertility

Question 57

The number of live births per 1,000 people in the population in a given year

Answer 57

Crude Birth Rate

Question 58

The average number of children a woman would have during her lifetime given current birth rates and assuming she survives through her child bearing years

Answer 58

Total Fertility Rate

Question 59

The minimum number of children a woman would need to average in her lifetime to reproduce the population in the next generation

Answer 59

Replacement Fertility Rate

Question 60

The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a given year

Answer 60

Crude Death Rate

Question 61

The number of deaths in infants less than one year old per 1,00 live births per year

Answer 61

Infant mortality rate

Question 62

The projected number of years a person can expect to live based on his or her year of birth

Answer 62

Life expectancy

Question 63

The movement of people from one population group to another

Answer 63

Migration

Question 64

When individuals join a population group of which they were not previously a member

Answer 64

Immigration

Question 65

When members of a population leave that group

Answer 65

Emmigration

Question 66

The overall percent change in a population per year

Answer 66

Growth Rate

Question 67

As societies transform from pre-industrial to post-industrial, their population size shifts from small but stable with high birth and death rates, through a period of significant population growth, to large but stable, when both birth and death rates are low

Answer 67

Demographic Transistion

Question 68

A disease or illness that cannot be understood apart from some specific social context

Answer 68

Culture-bound Syndrom

Question 69

Societal expectations about the attitude and behavior of a person viewed as being ill

Answer 69

Sick Role

Question 70

The immigration to the United States and other industrialized nations of skilled workers, professionals, and technicians who are needed in their home countries

Answer 70

Brain Drain

Question 71

The study of the distribution of disease, impairment, and general health status across a population

Answer 71

Social Epidemiology

Question 72

The number of new cases of a specific disorder that occur within a given population during a stated period

Answer 72

Incidence

Question 73

The total number of cases of a specific disorder that exist at any given time

Answer 73

Prevalence

Question 74

The total number of cases of a specific disorder that exist at any given time

Answer 74

Prevalence

Question 75

The incidence of disease in a given population

Answer 75

Morbidity rate

Question 76

The incidence of death in a given population

Answer 76

Mortality Rate

Question 77

Latino folk medicine, a form of holistic health care and healing

Answer 77

Curanderismo

Question 78

Therapies in which the health care practitioner considers the person's physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual characteristics

Answer 78

Holistic Medicine

Question 79

The area of study concerned with the interrelationships between people and their environments

Answer 79

Human ecology

Question 80

A legal strategy based on claims that racial minorities are subjected disproportionately to environmental hazards

Answer 80

Environmental Justice

Question 81

A form of drilling for natural gas, using hydraulics for cracking the earths crust to thrust the natural gas from it

Answer 81

Fracking

Question 82

2005 energy policy; lead by Dick Cheney; people who engage in Hydraullic fracturing don't have to publish what chemicals are in the fluids

Answer 82

Halliburton loop hole

Question 83

Military and Government form publishians for big business

Answer 83

Interlocking Directorate

Question 84

What did the Government give to the people affected by fracking?

Answer 84

Stipends (payments) so that they'd keep quite if anyone interviewed them.

Question 85

Millennium Project Goals by 2015

Answer 85

- eradicate extreme poverty and hunger - achieve universal primary education - promote gender equality and empower women - reduce child mortality - improve maternal health - combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - Ensure Environmental sustainability - Develop a global partnership for development