Soc of Youth

Question 1

What is the age range typically defined as youth?

Answer 1

15-25

Youth is often defined within a specific age range, which can vary by context.

Question 2

Who first used the term ‘adolescent’?

Answer 2

G. Stanley Hall

Hall is recognized for his contributions to the understanding of adolescence.

Question 3

What are the four dimensions of C. Wright Mills’ sociological imagination?

Answer 3

• Historical
• Cultural
• Structural
• Critical

These dimensions help analyze how various factors shape youth experiences.

Question 4

What does the term ‘ethnocentrism’ refer to?

Answer 4

The belief in the superiority of one’s own culture over others

Ethnocentrism can lead to misunderstandings of different cultural practices.

Question 5

What is meant by ‘bounded agency’?

Answer 5

The ability to make choices limited by social structures

This concept highlights the tension between individual choices and societal constraints.

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Youth is a ______ category that changes over time.

Answer 6

social

Youth is not a biological category but socially constructed.

Question 7

What age is generally considered the start of adulthood in many cultures?

Answer 7

18

This age often marks legal adulthood in many societies.

Question 8

What is the significance of marriage laws in defining adulthood?

Answer 8

They serve as social markers for adulthood, indicating financial independence and living arrangements

Marriage laws reflect cultural attitudes toward adulthood.

Question 9

What is the ‘roleless role’ concept in emerging adulthood?

Answer 9

A period of exploration without fixed role requirements

Emerging adulthood is characterized by exploration in various life aspects.

Question 10

What are the five characteristics of emerging adulthood according to Jeffrey Arnett?

Answer 10

• Age of identity exploration
• Age of instability
• Age of self-focus
• Age of feeling in between
• Age of possibilities

These characteristics describe the unique experiences of emerging adults.

Question 11

True or False: Adolescence and youth are synonymous.

Answer 11

False

The categories of adolescence and youth can be malleable and are not necessarily the same.

Question 12

What is the term for cultural groups within a larger culture that share common interests?

Answer 12

Subculture

Subcultures can influence youth identities and experiences.

Question 13

What does ‘critical consumption’ refer to?

Answer 13

The analysis of how cultural products are consumed and the meanings they hold

Critical consumption encourages awareness of cultural influences.

Question 14

What is the difference between ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity’?

Answer 14

Race refers to physical characteristics, while ethnicity refers to cultural identity

Both concepts are important in understanding social dynamics.

Question 15

What is the significance of ‘social desirability bias’?

Answer 15

It influences how individuals present themselves socially

This bias can affect survey results and self-reported data.

Question 16

What does Judith Butler’s theory suggest about gender?

Answer 16

Gender is performed and constructed through societal norms

Butler’s work challenges traditional notions of fixed gender identities.

Question 17

What does the term ‘hegemonic masculinity’ refer to?

Answer 17

The dominant form of masculinity that is idealized in society

This concept highlights the pressures on men to conform to societal standards.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The concept of ‘habitus’ refers to a collection of ______ acquired through social conditions.

Answer 18

skills

Habitus reflects how individuals learn to behave within their cultural context.

Question 19

What is a key criticism of structural functionalism in relation to youth?

Answer 19

It overlooks individual agency and the complexities of social change

Critics argue that structural functionalism simplifies the role of youth in society.

Question 20

What is the impact of neoliberalism on youth?

Answer 20

It shapes values and ideas about youth in society

Neoliberalism can influence the opportunities available to young people.

Question 21

What is the Incel movement?

Answer 21

Involuntary celibate movement characterized by feelings of anger and violence due to inability to form romantic relationships

The movement often highlights issues related to hegemonic masculinity and societal expectations.

Question 22

Define white solipsism.

Answer 22

Looking at things from a white perspective or lens

This concept emphasizes the limitations of understanding diverse experiences solely through a white viewpoint.

Question 23

What are the two phases of re-conceptualizing ethnicities according to Stuart Hall?

Answer 23

• Homogenization of people of colour
• Heterogeneity of multiple identities

This approach recognizes the complexities within racial and ethnic identities.

Question 24

What does cultural hybridity refer to?

Answer 24

The blending of different cultural practices and identities

It reflects the influence of globalization and migration on cultural identities.

Question 25

What is multiculturalism, and why is it considered problematic?

Answer 25

Multiculturalism is the coexistence of diverse cultures; it is problematic because it often lacks depth in understanding cultural differences ## Footnote The superficial treatment of multiculturalism can lead to misunderstandings and stereotypes.

Question 26

Who coined the term intersectionality?

Answer 26

Kimberlé Crenshaw ## Footnote Intersectionality examines how various social identities intersect and affect individuals' experiences of oppression.

Question 27

What is the significance of knowledge production in the Global North?

Answer 27

Most research on youth is conducted in the Global North, often reflecting its biases ## Footnote This highlights the need for more inclusive research that considers global perspectives.

Question 28

What does the phrase 'view from nowhere' imply?

Answer 28

Knowledge is not neutral and value-free; perspectives are shaped by context ## Footnote This challenges the idea of objective knowledge in social sciences.

Question 29

What was the focus of education in French Canada during the 1600s?

Answer 29

Education primarily provided to boys, emphasizing reading, writing, math, and religion ## Footnote The education system was heavily influenced by Catholic teachings.

Question 30

What significant change occurred in Canadian education in the 1790s?

Answer 30

A push for publicly funded schools, moving away from religious control ## Footnote This was part of a broader movement towards secular education.

Question 31

Who was Egerton Ryerson, and what was his contribution to education in Ontario?

Answer 31

First superintendent of education in Ontario, created the current education system and standards ## Footnote His work included the establishment of teacher training and curriculum development.

Question 32

What was the impact of the 1871 compulsory school attendance law?

Answer 32

Rise in Grammar schools and public education access ## Footnote This law marked a significant step towards universal education in Canada.

Question 33

What did the Quiet Revolution in Quebec signify for education?

Answer 33

A shift towards a more secular education system, reducing the power of the Catholic Church ## Footnote This period marked significant social change and resistance to religious control in education.

Question 34

What was the purpose of the 1847 report regarding Indigenous education?

Answer 34

Set the foundation for the residential school model for Indigenous peoples ## Footnote It aimed to assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture.

Question 35

What percentage of Canadian adults have graduated from college or university?

Answer 35

56% ## Footnote This statistic highlights Canada's high level of educational attainment.

Question 36

What was the first university established in Canada?

Answer 36

Laval University, founded in 1663 ## Footnote It is the oldest degree-granting institution in Canada.

Question 37

What does the term 'massification' refer to in education?

Answer 37

The expansion of access to higher education ## Footnote This concept indicates a shift towards broader participation in post-secondary education.

Question 38

What is the relationship between education and social inequality?

Answer 38

Education can reflect and perpetuate existing social inequalities ## Footnote Factors like gender, ethnicity, and class can influence access and success in education.

Question 39

Define 'class ceiling.'

Answer 39

Limitations faced based on one’s socioeconomic status ## Footnote This concept points to barriers that prevent individuals from advancing in education or careers due to their class background.