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Social 20-1 Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Ancien Regime

A

Name of the system in which French society was set up.

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2
Q

Appeasement

A

Originally intended to mean to turn a blind eye or look the other way when observing inappropriate behaviour; nw also refers to a diplomacy strategy to avoid conflict.

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3
Q

Aryan

A

A member of a people considered by Nazis to be a group of superior human beings.

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4
Q

Assignats

A

Certificates representing the value of Church lands; used as currency during the revolution

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5
Q

Autonomy

A

independence or sovereignty

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6
Q

Bastille

A

the prison in Paris that was symbolic of royal power

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7
Q

Bilingualism

A

recognition of two official languages

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8
Q

Citizen Capet

A

nickname for Louis XVI under new citizenship rules in which those recognized as citizens of the republic were addressed as Citizen, along with their family name

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9
Q

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

A

a legislative policy that placed the Catholic Church under the power of the National Assembly and created elections for the selection of priests

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10
Q

Collective

A

the identity shared by a group of people

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11
Q

Collective Consciousness

A

the shared feeling of “we” among the individuals of a group

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12
Q

Committee of Public Safety

A

an executive body of the National Convention that monitored actions considered anti-republic

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13
Q

Constitution

A

a set of rules dictating how the government would operate

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14
Q

Constitutional monarchy

A

a system of government that by law restricts the power of the king to the rules and approval of government

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15
Q

Contend

A

to compete with another

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16
Q

Contending loyalties

A

a belief in or show of support for an idea, a person, a group, or a nation that competes with a belief in or support for another

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17
Q

Corvee

A

a work tax which required peasants to provide unpaid labour building roads and bridges

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18
Q

Country

A

the land of a person’s birth, residence, or citizenship; a political state or nation or its territory

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19
Q

Declaration of the Rights of Man

A

a list of the rights based on equality and freedom encouraged by the members of the National Assembly

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20
Q

Decolonization

A

the act or process of the achievement of the status of a sovereign nation-state by a former colony

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21
Q

Directory

A

a body of government with the power to rule France in the hands of five directors

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22
Q

Enlightenment

A

the emergence and exchange of ideas based on scientific reasoning about how society should operate during an eighteenth-century period in western Europe

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23
Q

Estates General

A

a general assembly of representatives of the three estates that formed French society before the revolution in 1789

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24
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

the beliefs, values, and actions related to the idea that one’s group is superior over other groups

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25
federalism
a system that divides political power between a central government and regional or provincial governments
26
Federal privileges
the rights and exemptions of members of the Ancien Régime (members of the First and Second Estates)
27
Final Solution
a Nazi Party plan to rapidly and efficiently deal with the removal of all members of the Jewish race by establishing extermination camps
28
First Estate
members of the clergy (many of who came from aristocratic families)
29
foreign policy
a plan of action that guides the relationship and decisions a particular country establishes with another country or nation
30
founding culture
reference to English or French as one of the first European groups to have settled in Canada
31
gabelle
a salt tax
32
Girondin
a political club that promoted the abolition of the monarchy and rights for all citizens
33
global affairs
matters of interest and/or matters affecting the international community
34
Great War/World War I
(1914–1918) the first modern war of the twentieth century in which many of the world’s countries were involved; later renamed in context of the second global war
35
intellectuals
writers and philosophers who expressed ideas about how society should operate
36
internationalism
the collective responsibility to global challenges balanced with respect for the interests of nations and nation-states; the sense of belonging to the global community with shared bonds as global citizens
37
Jacobin
a political club considered more radical than the Girondin and encouraged revolt to achieve a republic
38
“La Marseillaise”
a song written by poet Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle in 1792; intended as a military song and then later the rally song for the revolution
39
Legislative Assembly
the government in the form of a constitutional monarchy that replaced the National Assembly
40
loyalty
the firm belief in or the show of support for an idea, a person, a group, or a nation; may be a commitment to your nation or to shared ideas or bonds to individuals or groups outside of your nation
41
multiculturalism
framework that encourages the maintenance of ethnic, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds of individuals and groups
42
multination
recognition of the sovereignty of many nations within a single system
43
nation
a shared state of mind or shared characteristics such as beliefs, language, religion, traditions, cultures, and customs
44
nation-state
a country that has physical borders and a single government
45
national affiliation
connection to nation
46
National Assembly
the original government to seize power, formed after the creation of the Tennis Court Oath and the Declaration of the Rights of Man
47
National Convention
the name of the republican government that ruled France after the removal and execution of Louis XVI
48
national identity
collective identity of a group or a nation
49
national interests
the priorities or areas in which a nation will act or make decisions in order to maintain the key aspects of what it is as a nation
50
national memory
the stories, symbols, and shared experiences of a group of people
51
nationalism
a feeling of belonging to or having a bond with a group of individuals who share common understandings about all or some of these ideas: land, ethnicity, culture, language, spirituality, religion, and citizenship
52
nationalist loyalty
commitment (for example, political, cultural, linguistic, geographical, or spiritual) to the nation to which you belong
53
national self-determination
power to control your own affairs as a nation
54
natural laws
observable laws of interaction between people, animals, plants, and the environment that are applied to how individuals in society interact
55
non-nationalist loyalty:
a commitment to an ideology, to a social group, to a way of life, to a region, or to a religious or spiritual organization; may extend beyond the borders of a nation; may be shared with individuals of different nations
56
North American integration
partnership between the nation-states of North America to share common political and economic frameworks; similar to the European Union
57
personal
individual identity, including ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and individual preferences
58
philosophes
writers and philosophers who expressed ideas about how society should operate
59
pluralism
multiple ways of life—ethnic, cultural, linguistic, social, gender, age, economic, and political
60
privilege
exemptions or special rights assigned to the First and Second Estates
61
reason
a method of thinking that follows a scientific, logical approach
62
reconciliation
a solution to end the competition or issue
63
Reign of Terror
the systematic identification and execution of members of French society who were considered threats to the republic
64
republic
the reference to the country of France after the abolition of the monarchy
65
salon
a location where philosophes were invited to discuss their ideas in audience of influential members of society
66
scientific method
steps to investigate a problem—(1) identify the problem, (2) apply the experimental conditions, (3) analyze the changes
67
Second Estate
members of the nobility
68
separatism
strategy to separate a nation from a nation-state
69
sovereignty
independence or autonomy
70
successor state
a state created from an existing state
71
taille
a tax levied by the king, approximately ten per cent of earnings
72
Tennis Court Oath
the promise of the representatives gathered at the calling of the Estates General at Versailles to not disband until France had a new constitution
73
Third Estate
the commoners
74
Treaty of Versailles
the peace settlement that set the conditions for the surrender of Germany and compensation for damages and casualties in World War I
75
tricolore
the three colours represented on France’s national flag, adopted in 1794
76
ultranationalism
an intense expression of nationalism
77
unity
sense of shared bonds and similar interests; living together in harmony
78
Whiff of Grapeshot
the name of the event in which Napoleon became famous for being a hero of the French republic by defeating Royalist soldiers who were fighting to restore the monarchy
79
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
a list from a 1918 speech describing values and beliefs about self-determination and freedom; later became the basis of conditions for the peace settlement of World War I

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