Social Class (External) Flashcards
1
Q
What is cultural deprivation?
A
- refers to theory that groups from lower socioeconomic background lack cultural capital, skills and attitudes to succeed in education
2
Q
Culturally deprivation cont.
A
- underachievement of some ethnic groups is caused by inadequate socialisation
3
Q
What are the 3 external factors?
A
- Cultural Deprivation
- Material Deprivation
- Compensatory education
4
Q
What are the three main aspects of Cultural Deprivation?
A
- Intellectual Development
- Attitudes
- Language
5
Q
Bernstein and Douglas (Intellectual development)
A
- middle class mothers are more likely to choose toys that encourage thinking and reasoning
6
Q
Engelmann and Bereiter (Language)
A
- claimed that languages used by working class is deficient, fail to develop necessary language skills and grow up incapable of abstract thinking
7
Q
Bernstein (Language)
A
- identified two types of languages used by working and middle class
- restricted and elaborated code
8
Q
Bordieu‘s cultural capital
A
- social assets of a person e.g. skills, tastes, clothing and mannerisms of a particular social class “people like us“
9
Q
Douglas (parental attitudes)
A
- working class parents were less ambitious for their children and took little interest in their education
10
Q
Hyman (parental attitudes)
A
- values of lower class reflect self imposed barrier to educational success
- believe they have less chance of achieving success and see no point of education
11
Q
Right realists
A
- one reason for social difference is the “underclass”
- place a large emphasis on having a nuclear family
- any variation of the nuclear family is the reason for academic failure
12
Q
Sugarman
A
- working class subculture has four key features that act as barrier to educational achievement:
1. Fatalism
2. Collectivism
3. Immediate Gratification
4. Present time orientation
13
Q
Kreddie (Critique)
A
- cultural deprivation is a myth and a victim blaming explanation
- argues working class families are different not deprived because of biases in education system
14
Q
Troyna and Williams (Critique)
A
- argue teachers have a speech hierarchy and label m/c speech as highest, and w/c as uneducated
- bias leads to underperformance of w/c students
15
Q
Blackstone and Mortimore ( Critique)
A
- working class parents have to work long hours which makes it less difficult to be involved in their children’s education
16
Q
What is Material deprivation ?
A
- refers to poverty and lack of material necessities such as house and income (economic resources)
17
Q
Statistics for material deprivation ?
A
- 33% of children receiving free school meals gain 5 A-C, compared to 61% of children not receiving free school meals
- shows that poverty is linked to under achievement
18
Q
Howard (housing and diet)
A
- young people from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals
- poor nutrition leads to weak immune system, leading to more absences from school due to illness
19
Q
Tanner et al (financial support)
A
- found costs of items such as transport, books and computers place burdens on poor families
20
Q
Ridge (financial support)
A
- lack of funds means children from low income families often need to work which can clash with their schoolwork
- working class pupils leave education at 16 to start employment
21
Q
What is compensatory education?
A
- policy designed to tackle the problems of cultural deprivation by providing extra resources in schools in deprived areas
22
Q
What is EMA?
A
- provided financial support for materially deprived students going to stay in further education
23
Q
What are Sure Start Centres?
A
- provides education, care, family support and health services
- aim is to work with parents to promote physical, social and intellectual development of deprived children
