Social facilitation, group dynamic and goal setting

Question 1

social facilitation

Answer 1

the positive effect of the prescence of other on preformance

Question 2

social inhibitition

Answer 2

the negative affect of the prescnece of other on preformance

Question 3

evaluation apprehension

Answer 3

the precived fear of being judges

Question 4

cohesion

Answer 4

the tendency for individuals to work together to achieve their goals

Question 5

task cohesion

Answer 5

the interaction of group members and their effectiveness in working together to achieve a common goal

Question 6

social cohesion

Answer 6

the interaction of individuals and how well they relate to each other

Question 7

ringelmann effect

Answer 7

as a group increases in size, the preformance of each individual is likely to decrease

Question 8

social loafing

Answer 8

when a preformer attemps to hide when placed in a group situation. This is because they feel they are not being recognised or valued

Question 9

preformance goals

Answer 9

concerned with individuals preformance, they do not involve oscial comparison to other teams of individuals

Question 10

outcome goals

Answer 10

concerned with the overall result and winning

Question 11

process goals

Answer 11

concerned with improving technique only

Question 12

audience

Answer 12

those watching either as spectators at the event or at home

Question 13

co-actors

Answer 13

those preforming the same task but not in direct competition e.g another player on the pitch

Question 14

competitive co-actors

Answer 14

those in direct competition with the preformer e.g another player in the game

Question 15

social reinforcers

Answer 15

those with direct influence e.g coach

Question 16

zajoncs model of social facilitation

Answer 16

• Zajonc suggests that social facilitation is all to do with arousal levels.
• he states that having others present will increase arousal levels which will in turn increase the chances of a dominant response occruing

Question 17

what are stratergies to eliminate social inhibition

Answer 17

• stress management techniques
• selective attention (away from evaluators)
• lowering the importance of the situation
• traning with an audience present or stimulate crowd noises
• raise awareness of the zone of optimal functioning
• ensure skills are over learned and preformer is confident

Question 18

what is group formation - a thoery creates by Bruce Tuckman that includes 5 stages

Answer 18

1. Forming - the group forms and gets to know each other
2. Storming - Conflict occurs as the group fight for position or status
3. Norming - Conflict is resolved and standards are accepted
4. Preforming - the group work together to achieve their goals
5. Mourning - The group disband form each other

Question 19

Stratergies to increase group productivity/avoid social loafing

Answer 19

• Increase fitness levels
• small sided-games in traning
• give roles of responsibility
• maintain team stability (dont make too many changed)
• give positive feedback/reinforcement
• vary/change traning to keep it fun
• set preformance team goals (SMART)
• create a group identity e.g kit
• avoid social cliques
• increase self-efficacy

Question 20

forming

Answer 20

the group forms and gets to know each other

Question 21

storming

Answer 21

conflict occurs as the group fight for position or status

Question 22

norming

Answer 22

conflicts are resolvled and standards are accpeted

Question 23

preforming

Answer 23

the group work together to achieve their goals

Question 24

mourning

Answer 24

the group disband

Question 25

What is the group formation order

Answer 25

1. forming 2. storming 3. norming 4. preforming 5. mourning

Question 26

what are SMARTER goals

Answer 26

- goals to increase motivation in order to progress - enable you to monitor how well you are doing

Question 27

what does SMARTER stand for

Answer 27

S - Spersific M - Measureable A - Achievable R - Realistic T - Time Bound E - Evaluate R - Re-do

Question 28

brief explanation with spersific

Answer 28

goal should be spersific and clear and precise to the preformer

Question 29

brief exaplantation of measureable

Answer 29

goal should be measured to compare statistics

Question 30

brief explanation of achievable

Answer 30

preformer should be able to achieve their goal

Question 31

brief exaplantion of realistic

Answer 31

goal should be within reach to preomote motivation and imporvement

Question 32

brief explanation of time-bound

Answer 32

short term or long term goals, should have a deadline

Question 33

breif explanation of evaluate

Answer 33

preformer should evaluate how and when goal was achieved

Question 34

brief exaplanation of re-do

Answer 34

if goal has not been achieved, preofmer should try and repeat the goal