Social Impacts

Question 1

What was the official figure for deaths caused by the earthquake in Haiti?

Answer 1

316,000

Other estimates suggest a lower figure between 46,000 and 84,000.

Question 2

How many government buildings in Port-au-Prince were destroyed by the earthquake?

Answer 2

21 out of 22

Only one government building remained standing.

Question 3

What was the estimated number of people displaced by the earthquake?

Answer 3

1.5 million

Many were forced to live in camps.

Question 4

What percentage of Haitians had no access to fresh water before the earthquake?

Answer 4

50%

Access to basic health care was also very limited.

Question 5

What were the literacy rates in Haiti before the earthquake?

Answer 5

Among the worst in the world

This highlights the educational challenges faced by the population.

Question 6

What economic changes had impacted Haiti leading up to the earthquake?

Answer 6

Devastating changes to the economy

This included increasing pressure on natural resources.

Question 7

How many houses were damaged or destroyed in the earthquake?

Answer 7

Over 300,000

This included both residential and commercial buildings.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: Many of the destroyed houses were in the poorest areas of the city, built on steep slopes prone to _______.

Answer 8

landslides

Question 9

True or False: By 2020, all displaced people had left the camps established after the earthquake.

Answer 9

False

Over 30,000 people still lived in those camps by that time.

Question 10

What has contributed to extensive deforestation in Haiti over the last 70 years?

Answer 10

Population growth, poverty, and high consumption of firewood and charcoal

These factors have put pressure on Haiti’s natural resources.

Question 11

What was the perception of the Haitian government and state institutions before the earthquake?

Answer 11

Widely regarded as weak and corrupt

This perception affected decision-making after the earthquake.

Question 13

What significant demographic change occurred in Haiti leading up to the earthquake?

Answer 13

Rapid depopulation of the countryside and growth of ‘bidonvilles’ (slums) in the capital

Question 14

What was the state of water resources in Haiti before the earthquake?

Answer 14

The country had enjoyed a surplus of water resources but no longer had enough

Question 15

What secondary effect occurred in Haiti after the earthquake in October 2010?

Answer 15

A cholera epidemic broke out

Question 16

Where was the first case of cholera detected in Haiti after the earthquake?

Answer 16

Close to the UN base for Nepalese troops

Question 17

How many cases of cholera have been recorded since the first case in Haiti?

Answer 17

Over 800,000 cases

Question 18

What was the official number of cholera-related deaths in Haiti as of 2020?

Answer 18

Just under 10,000 deaths

Question 19

What estimate does one epidemiologist give for the number of cholera-related deaths in Haiti?

Answer 19

8 times the official number

Question 20

What was Haiti’s rank in the UN’s Human Development Index in 2009?

Answer 20

149th

Question 21

What was Haiti’s rank in the UN’s Human Development Index in 2020?

Answer 21

169th

Question 22

As of 2020, how many people in Haiti were reported to be undernourished?

Answer 22

3.7 million

Question 23

What was Haiti’s total population around the time of the undernourishment report?

Answer 23

11.7 million

Question 24

How much aid had been spent in Haiti by 2018?

Answer 24

$US11 billion

Question 26

What was Haiti regarded as by those who profited from it?

Answer 26

The 'Pearl of the Antilles' ## Footnote This term reflects Haiti's historical wealth and economic significance during its time as a French colony.

Question 27

What was the primary crop produced in Haiti during the colonial period?

Answer 27

Sugar cane ## Footnote Sugar cane production was reliant on enslaved African labor on plantations.

Question 28

How did Haiti's economy compare to that of Jamaica at the end of the eighteenth century?

Answer 28

More profit was made per unit area in Haiti than anywhere else on the planet ## Footnote Economic historians note this as a significant historical fact.

Question 29

What environmental impact did plantation agriculture have in Haiti?

Answer 29

Destruction of the tropical rainforest ## Footnote The plantation economy led to significant ecological degradation.

Question 30

What inspired the slave rebellion that established Haiti as an independent nation?

Answer 30

The French Revolution ## Footnote The ideals of liberty and equality influenced the rebellion.

Question 31

What unique status does Haiti hold in Latin America?

Answer 31

It was the first independent nation in Latin America ## Footnote Haiti's independence marked a significant historical milestone.

Question 32

What are the three types of volcanoes?

Answer 32

Active, dormant, extinct ## Footnote These classifications are based on a volcano's activity level.

Question 33

Why are Japan and Indonesia at high risk from volcanic eruptions?

Answer 33

Due to their tectonic settings and the concept of 'threshold' ## Footnote The 'threshold' refers to the level of stress in the Earth's crust that can lead to eruptions.

Question 34

What is a common task when studying volcanic eruptions?

Answer 34

Drawing labelled cross-sections to illustrate tectonic settings ## Footnote This helps in understanding the geology and risks associated with eruptions.

Question 35

What is an important method for contrasting impacts of volcanic eruptions?

Answer 35

Constructing a table ## Footnote Tables help in organizing and comparing different eruption impacts systematically.

Question 37

What historical event established Haiti as a state in history?

Answer 37

A slave revolt established Haiti as a state in history.

Question 38

How much compensation did Haiti have to pay to France for the loss of enslaved people?

Answer 38

SUS21 billion compensation.

Question 39

Until what year was Haiti's debt to France not fully repaid?

Answer 39

1947.

Question 40

What has negatively impacted Haiti in modern times?

Answer 40

Its relationship with the USA.

Question 41

When did the USA military occupy Haiti?

Answer 41

Between 1915 and 1934.

Question 42

What type of economy did Haiti primarily have?

Answer 42

Agricultural economy.

Question 43

What was the main crop in Haiti?

Answer 43

Rice.

Question 44

What policies were encouraged by global institutions such as the IMF and WTO in Haiti?

Answer 44

Neo-liberal policies.

Question 45

What significant economic change occurred due to the removal of tariffs in Haiti?

Answer 45

Allowed heavily subsidised US rice to be imported.

Question 46

What was the impact of imported US rice on local producers in Haiti?

Answer 46

Led to bankruptcy for many small farmers.

Question 47

What migration trend accelerated due to economic changes in Haiti?

Answer 47

Rural to urban migration.

Question 48

What was the largest income source for Haiti after the earthquake?

Answer 48

Remittances from expatriate Haitians.

Question 49

What percentage of Haiti's GDP is provided by remittances?

Answer 49

25 percent.

Question 50

What percentage of Haiti's annual budget is funded by foreign aid?

Answer 50

20 percent.

Question 51

What challenge does the Haitian government face regarding tax income?

Answer 51

It is weak and corrupt.

Question 52

Fill in the blank: The Haitian economy has hardly grown since the _______.

Answer 52

earthquake.

Question 53

True or False: President Clinton apologized for the impact of US policies on Haiti after the earthquake.

Answer 53

True.