Social Influence Flashcards

Question

what is the external locus of control

Answer 1

outcomes are controlled by external factors

Answer 2

Behaviour is influenced by the characteristics of other people around you

Answer 3

The naive participant. They truly believed that they were providing shocks towards the learner

Answer 4

A confederate. They were not receiving electrical shocks from the Teacher

Answer 5

Teacher and Learner in the same room: Obedience rates = 40% Touch proximity: Obedience rates = 30% Remote instruction: Obedience rates = 20%

Answer 6

Deutsch and Gerald's explanation for conformity. Either ISI or NSI

Answer 7

The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or or obey can help others to do the same These people act as models to show others that resistance to influence is possible

Answer 8

Task difficulty refers to the level of challenge or difficulty it is to complete a task or make a decision. Task difficulty can affect how individuals conform to a group 1. Higher Task Difficulty Increases Conformity: When a task is difficult or uncertain, individuals are more likely to look to others for guidance and reassurance. This is because they may feel unsure about their own abilities to perform the task correctly or make the right judgment. Uncertainty increases the reliance of the groups opinion which leads to a greater chance of conformity 2. Easier Tasks Lead to Less Conformity: When tasks are simple or straightforward, people are more confident in their own abilities and judgments, making them less likely to conform to others. If someone already feels sure about the correct solution or behavior, they are less likely to be influenced by the group.

Answer 9

- Adorno et al: Authoritarian Personality -> Origins of AP Characteristics of AP, F Scale ---- Zimbardo: Prison experiment, Association to roles ----- Moscovichi: Minority Influence, Blue/Green Slides, Synchronic/ Diachronic, Effects of Consistent and Inconsistent Minority ---- Milgram: Obedience, Shock Experiments. Variables affecting Conformity: Proximity, Location, ---- Asch: Line Experiment, CONFORMITY, Variables of conformity: Task difficulty, Unanimity, Group size + Manipulation of variables

Answer 10

- Forms in childhood as result of harsh parenting - Overly straight parenting can result in a child being socialised to unquestiongly obey authority

Answer 11

- Setting impossibly high standards - Expectatione of absolute loyalty - Conditional love: based on how the child behaves e.g I will love you if

Answer 12

Creates resentment & hostility towards in the child to the parent Child cannot express these feelings directly towards the parents because fear of punishment This fear is displaced onto other people that they perceive as weaker than others (scapegoating) Scapegoating -> Hatred towards people considered to be socially inferior or who belong to other social groups -> typically minority groups

Answer 13

- Extreme respect & submission to the authority - View society as weaker than it was once. Belief of a need for a strong leader to restore society - Blind Obedience - Rigid moral standards -> Something is either right or wrong with no grey areas

Answer 14

Adorno et al in 1950 developed this Scale to measure how strongly people express Authoritarian traits

Answer 15

Aim: To understand the psychological origins of fascism and intolerance Procedure: Adorno measured a sample of 2000 participants and asked if they agreed or disagreed with statements on a 6 point likert scale This helped researchers determine their attitudes towards religious and ethnic minorities, their views on politics and economics and moral values Around 100 participants were interviewed in depth Included a range of most & least prejudiced from the scales

Answer 16

a complex process in which a series of social conditions leads to changes of the perception of the self

Answer 17

People who scored highly on the F-scale (authoritarian leanings): Identified with ‘strong’ people and generally showed contempt (the feeling that a person or a thing is worthless or beneath consideration) to the ‘weak’. Very conscious of ‘status’ (their own and others) Showed extreme respect, submission and servility (an excessive willingness to serve) to those of higher status.

Answer 18

Aim: To see if people would conform to the social role of the guard/prisoner Procedure: Sample of 21 men then assigned them randomly to different roles Advised to conform to those roles Prisoners arrested at their homes. Uniformed and were identified by their number on uniform rather than name

Answer 19

Within days the prisoners rebelled, but this was quickly crushed by the guards, who then grew increasingly abusive towards the prisoners. The guards dehumanised the prisoners, waking them during the night and forcing them to clean toilets with their bare hands; the prisoners became increasingly submissive, identifying further with their subordinate role. Five of the prisoners were released from the experiment early -> result of mental and psychological tramua Experiment was terminated after just six days although it was meant to last for 2 weeks CONCLUSION Social behaviours appear to have a strong influence on individual behaviour. Guards became brutal and prisoners became submissive

Answer 20

Weakness -> His sample was biased His research only included 21 american male uni students Suggests that findings of the Stanford Prison Experiment tell us little about conformity to social roles in actual prisons As result the SPE has been widely criticised for its lack of ethics, raising questions about whether knowledge

Answer 21

Strength -> Had control over key variables in his experiment Selected 21 emotionally stable male participants, roles assigned using independent groups design Control over key variables helped minimise the influence of individual differences Study is more reliable because the controlled variables and standardised procedures make it easier to replicate and test if the same results would occur again.

Social Influence Flashcards

(45 cards)