Social influence Flashcards
(22 cards)
Obedience meaning?
Complying with the orders of an authority figure.
Conformity meaning?
Matching the behaviour and beliefs of others in order to fit in or because we do not know how to behave in an unusual situation.
What are the three types of conformity?
Compliance
internalisation
identification
what does normative social influence mean?
compliance to fit into a group. Explains, compliance, a form of conformity.
What is internalisation? What type of social influence explains it?
- Going along with majority because we do not know how to behave in a situation. We adopt beliefs of the group.
-Informational social influence- conformity because we don’t know how to behave, others provide this info so we adopt their behaviours.
What is identification?
A type of conformity that is similar to compliance, but only diff is that identification means beliefs only last as long group is present. SHORT-TERM NORMATIVE INFLUENCE.
What is complaince?
A type of conformity where you go along with the the group even if privatelly, you dont agree with them.
What is deindividuation?
Loss of personal sel awareness and responsibility as a result of being in a group. We blend into a group and feel anonymous, may feel less responsible for our own actions.
Bystander effect meaning?
When we fail to help another person in need because we think someone else will help.
how many male participants responded to newspaper advertisment in haney, banks and zimbardo?
75
out of the 75 ppl that responded to advertisement of haney banks and zimbardo, how many actually took part?
24
how many days was haney banks and zimbardo supposed to run for and after how many days did it acc shut?
supposed to run for 2 weeks
abandoned after 6 days
what were two findings of the pilavin et al experiment?
- 90% of spontaneous helpers were male
-The “ill” victim, who appeared sober and carried a cane, received help in 95% of the trials
- the drunk alcohol smelling one received help in only 50% of trials
how may participants were in pilavin et al ?
4,450 participants
how many trials were participants observed in pilavin et al?
103 trials
what is the bystander effect?
reduction of helpful behaviour in presence of others, and when they’re discouraged to help in crowds.
what factors affect whether we choose to help someone or not?
situational factors and personality factors
what are 4 examples of situational factors to explain the bystander effect?
-diffusion of responsibility:
when we believe others will help so we dont have to . In a smaller crowd we may feel more inclined to help as there is responsibility is less distributed.
-noticing the event:
in large crowds we pay less attention to surrounding, so we may not notice the emergency we can help.
-pluralistic ignorance:
when we interpret the situation according to other’s reaction. LIKE IN CONFORMITY WHEN UR CONFUSED UR MORE LIKELY TO FOLLOW. if the majority is reacting like its a non-emergency scenario, we might start acting like that too even if its not the case.
-cost of helping:
if the risk of harming ourself is high, we may not help. Or if we are in a rush and we cant help someone because we will become late. Being late is a cost so we may not help.
What are 3 examples of personal factors that affect bystander intervention?
-competence:
if we feel like we are not skilled or competent enough to help, we might give a different type of help or no help at all. ex- if someone needs CPR you may not do it you may just call police
-Mood:
when in a happy mood we tend to look more outwardly and pay attention to our surroundings.
when sad or angry we tend to look more inwards and be self absorbed.
-Similarity:
When we identify with the fate of the victim or perceive ourselves as similar to the person in need, we will be more likely to help.
what are situational factors affecting conformity?
size of majority
unanimity of majority: if there is a disagreement within majority you will be les likely to be swayed, because you can choose your own option and you will have social support
Task difficulty: if the task we are performing is difficult or ambiguous we might look to other people for the answer. This is an example of informational social influence.
what is informational social influence?
where a person conforms to gain knowledge, or because they believe that someone else is ‘right’.
what was the Asch 1951 study aim , procedure and results?
aim- to see how much pressure from majority could get person to conform
procedure- 50 male students from American college. line judgement task, with confederates who agreed on one wrong answer. The real participant was placed last or second last to see if they will choose the obvious wrong answer
results- when there was only one actor in the room conform rate was 3%
with two confederates, 13%
three confeds is 32%
conclusion; optimal number for a majority to exert an influence is around 3-4 ppl.
