Social Influence, Resistance

Question 1

Social support theory

Answer 1

Situational explanation, person is more likely to refuse to obey if others also refuse to obey

Question 2

Non-conformity

Answer 2

Ally present breaks unanimity of group so people stand up to the majority

Question 3

Disobedience

Answer 3

Disobedient role model therefore more likely to disobey and light image authority is questioned

Question 4

Social support +

Answer 4

• Milgrim, pp deliver electric shocks to confederate. Another confederate who was disobedient present so amount of people that shocked up to 450V went from 65% to 10%
• Asch, pp in group with confederate who gave obviously wrong answer conformity 37%, pp with confederate acted as ally for right answer conformity 5%

Question 5

Social support theory -

Answer 5

-some people in studies didn’t conform even without social support, personality factors contribute

Question 6

Locus of control

Answer 6

Whether they believe they have control over their behaviour, internal and external.

Question 7

Internal

Answer 7

Own behaviour and actions cause consequences, less likely to conform

Question 8

External

Answer 8

Outside of own control

Question 9

Locus control +

Answer 9

• oliner2 interviewed 406 German people who sheltered Jews from nazis and found they had internal locus control
• milgrim asked pp to deliver shocks to confederate, gave personality tests and 35% who disobeyed had internal locus control

Question 10

Locus control -

Answer 10

• Williams wardhal, comforters are less assertive but did not score differently on test for locus of control, assertiveness is more important

Question 11

Minority influence

Answer 11

Persuasive small groups change the way majority behaves and thinks and leads to conversion

Question 12

Minority influence is more convincing when

Answer 12

• committed, augmentation principle = making sacrifices , inconvenience themselves
• consistent, repeats the same message over time. Diachronic is repeating outside the group
• flexible, willing to listen to other opinions
  Leads to snowball effect

Question 13

Minority influence +

Answer 13

• moscovici, 172 American pp told to take part in colour perception task. Naive pp placed in groups of 36 and shown slides with shades of blue. Two confederate sin each group stated the colour was Green either consistently or inconsistently. consistent swayed 8.2% , inconsistent swayed 1.25%
• nemeth and brilmayar studied felxibility in simulated jury situation, in condition wheee confederate compromised to majority viewpoint later in discussion them group was more influenced. When didn’t change viewpoint at all the group did not change either

Question 14

Minority influence -

Answer 14

• most studies based on experiments which are conducted in labs so lack ecological validity

Question 15

Snowball effect

Answer 15

When small effect from minority influence has a small effect at first but then gradually reaches tipping point to become majority

Question 16

Crypto-amnesia

Answer 16

Slow and unconscious process and individual is not aware where new idea came from