Social Influences Flashcards

Question

Disposition factors: Evaluate authoritarian personalities and Adornos research

Answer 1

+Research support > milgram and elms interviews the most obedient participants of milgram's study and found they scored higher on the F-scale than other participants **CA:** they did not display all the signs of authoritarian personalities e.g. not having an unusually strict childhood or idolising there father -Can't explain obedience in a whole country > a more likely reason for obedience in nazi Germany is that the people identified with some of the nazi’s views (social identity theory [SIT]) -Politically bias > not everyone who has an authoritarian personality (scores high on the F-scale) are right wing as Adorno suggested. It could be insensitive to suggest that

Answer 2

If someone else is not conforming (asch) or obeying (milgram)

Answer 3

- Rotter - People with an external LOC believe things that happen to them are out of their control. E.g. if they took an exam the result would be due to luck - People with internal LOC believe that they control things believe they control what happens to them e.g. if they took an exam the result would be due to how well they studied - It is a scale, people with high external LOC are more likely to obey than people with high internal LOC

Answer 4

+Social support ‘Buddies’ can help resist peer pressure +Research support obedience > Gamson had told groups to produce research for an oil company smear campaign. He had higher disobedience than milgram bc the Participants were in groups so could disobey together +Research support LOC > Holland repeated milgram's baseline study but measured if the participants were an internal or external LOC. >37% of internals disobeyed, only 23% of externals disobeyed -Contradicting research LOC > twenge et al analysed american LOC studies conducted over a 40 year period and found people became more disobedient and external

Answer 5

**- Consistency:** *- Synchronic:* everyone saying the same thing *- Diachronic:* saying the same thing for a long period of time **- Commitment:** demonstrating their commitment often through extreme actions at personal risk. This draws attention and shows commitment causing others to consider their view point (augmentation principle) **- Flexibility:** accepting valid counter arguments and adapting their point of view.

Answer 6

+Research support for consistency > Moscovici et al’s blue/ green slide study > had groups of 6 (two confederates) view 36 blue slides then say what colour they were starting with the confederates >confederates would say they were green and participants gave that same answer 8.42% of the time. > group 2 confederates were inconsistent with how often they gave the wrong answer. Participants gave the wrong answer 1.25% of the time > group 3 had no confederates. Participants gave the wrong answer 0.25% of the time +Research support for deeper processing > Martin et al had two groups of participants hear a message supported by either a minority or majority group. The participants who heard a minority group support the message were more likely to support it and not change from that view **CA:** Martin et als study did not reflect real life -Supporting studies used artificial stimuli > Asch's line judgement, Moscovici's colour judgement

Answer 7

**1) Drawing attention** through actions **2) Consistency** **3) Deeper processing:** people have to think more deeply about a minorities cause than they would a majority's cause in order to internalise it **4) Augmentation principle:** acting at personal risk so people will see their commitment and consider and internalise their POV **5) snowball effect:** as people start to internalise the majorities POV, others will see this and will be more likely to also internalise it (because there is another person to not conform with) and more and more people will internalise the message until the minority becomes the majority **6) Social Cryptomnesia:** once the change becomes the social norm, people will forget how it got there

Answer 8

+Research support for Normative influences > Nolan et al hung messages on peoples doors saying either they should reduce energy usage or that others were reducing energy usage. There was a higher reduction in energy usage from people told others were reducing energy usage than people told to reduce energy usage **CA:** Foxcroft et al found that normative influence did not help college students drinking too much. > through review 70 studies where social norms were used to reduce student alcohol use he found only a small reduction in quantity and no reduction in frequency of alcohol use +High explanatory power > it shows how minority influence can bring about social change as in order to internalise the majorities message they must do ‘divergent thinking’ leading to more creative resolutions -Makie believes majorities cause deeper processing not minorities > she believes if we find out that a majority does not share our view we are more likely to think about why that is than is a minority who we are more likely to already believe don't share our views doesn't

Social Influences Flashcards

(32 cards)