Social movements and policies Flashcards
(15 cards)
What was published in 1859?
Samuel Smiles’ ‘Self-Help’
What was ‘Self-Help’?
No/limited state intervention
Society looked down on people who fell into poverty
What was revived in the 1850s?
‘Trade unions’ = Model unions
Used Friendly societies to win Gladstone’s respect
When were model union members enfranchised?
1867
What was the Artisans Dwelling Act and when was it passed?
1875
Local authorities could purchase, clear and re-develop Slums (Joseph Chamberlain did it in Birmingham)
Established the principle of State intervention
What was the Public Health Act and when was it passed?
1875
Minimum standards of drainage sewage disposal and a medical officer in each town had to report all infectious diseases
What was the Conspiracy and Protection of property act and when was it passed?
1875
Strengthened trade unions
Legalised striking
What was the Sandson’s education act and when was it passed?
1876
Children can’t work without an attendance certificate so it was in a parents best interest for their child to work
BUT school was not compulsory or free
Who passed the reforms in 1875-76?
Disraeli
What was the Forster’s education act and when was it passed?
1870
Every child had access to education
Improved literacy rates over time
BUT not compulsory or free
What was the Municipal Franchise Act and when was it passed?
1869
Unmarried women ratepayers can vote in local elections
What were the Cardwell reforms and when were they passed?
1868-74
Made the Commander-in-Chief answerable to the government
The selection and promotion of officers was based on merit
Challenged notions of privilege
What was the Trade Union and Criminal Law Amendment Act and when was it passed?
1871
Any collective trade union action was illegal
Serious misjudgement and lost Gladstone the WC vote in the 1874 election
Why was there so much reform in this period?
Gladstone and Disraeli wanted to win votes. The franchise had recently been extended so they had a new electorate to win over.
