social policy

Question 1

types of selection

Answer 1

1. aptitude - potential in a certain subject
2. ability - academic, based on 11 +
3. faith

Question 2

ao3 - issues with selection by ability

Answer 2

• labelling and sfp
• social integration lacking
  late developers not able to move schools

Question 3

covert selection - tough and brooks

Answer 3

back door social selection by cherry picking high achievers

Question 4

who introduced the new vocationalism

Answer 4

1979-97 conservative government

Question 5

ao3 - problems with new vocationalism

Answer 5

• a way to reduce politically embarrassing unemployment stats
• lower ability students encouraged into vocational education, w/c and ethnic minorities over represented
• stereotypical gender patterns

Question 6

Ao3 - cohen

Answer 6

vocational education aimed to instil good attitudes and discipline meaning people accepted their low paid and low skilled jobs

Question 7

what was introduced by the conservative gov

Answer 7

1988 Education Reform Act - Margaret Thatcher

Question 8

definition of marketisation

Answer 8

process of introducing market forces of consumer choice and competition between suppliers into education

Question 9

how has marketisation created an education market ?

Answer 9

• reducing state control over education
• increasing competition between schools
• increasing parental choice
• aims to raise standards

Question 10

policies promoting marketisation

Answer 10

• league tables and ousted reports
• open enrolments
• funding formula
• free schools
• target setting

Question 11

Ao3 - reproduction of inequality

Answer 11

• league tables
• cream skimming and silt shifting (Bartlett)
• finding formula

Question 12

who talks about parental choice and inequalities

Answer 12

Gewritz

Question 13

3 types of patents archer found

Answer 13

• privileged skilled chooser
• disconnected local chooser
• semi-skilled choosers

Question 14

what is parentocracy ?

Answer 14

David
rule by parents
power shifts from producers (schools) to consumers (parents)
encourages diversity

Question 15

Ao3 - legitimising inequality (myth of parentocracy

Answer 15

Ball
only makes it appear that all parents have choice when they don’t actually
Leech and Campos - m/c parent’s can afford to move into catchment areas of desirable schools

Question 16

New labour

Answer 16

1997-2010

Question 17

new labour policies

Answer 17

• education action zones
• aim higher programmes
• EMA’s
• sure start centres: education and support in deprived areas

Question 18

A03 - critics of new labour

Answer 18

Benn
new labour paradox
introducing EMA’s but introducing tuition fees for higher education deterring w/c because they’re debt adverse

Question 19

coalition gov

Answer 19

2010 - 2015
cons and lib dem

Question 20

what did coalition gov introduce ?

Answer 20

academies - funding taken away from local authority and given directly to schools from central gov
free schools - set up and run by parents, raise standards by meeting local demand
- Allen: Sweden, 20% if schools are free schools and only benefit children from highly educated families

Question 21

A03 - fragmented centralisation

Answer 21

Ball - promoting academies and free schools has led to;
1. fragmentisation of education system - system replaced by private providers leading to greater inequality
2. centralisation of control - funded by central gov free schools- free school and academies

Question 22

how does coalition reduce inequality

Answer 22

1. free school meals
2. pupil premium - money schools receive for each disadvantaged pupil
   - ofsted says PP was not spent on those it was supposed to help

Question 23

conservative gov

Answer 23

2015+

Question 24

policies introduced by conservative gov

Answer 24

• increasing num of grammar schools
• gcse shifted to 1-9 system
• content of A levels and Gcses made more academically demanding

Question 25

definition to privatisation

Answer 25

transfer of public assets such as schools to private companies

Question 26

two type so privatisation

Answer 26

Ball and Youdell Endogenous - privatisation within the education system, operate like a private business e.g. performance targeting, marketing, efficiency and profit Exogenous - privatisation outside education e.g. global private exams boards, google classrooms, academies

Question 27

Molnar

Answer 27

cola-isation schools targeted by private companies because schools legitimise the product e.g. vending machines

Question 28

globalisation

Answer 28

increased interconnectedness of the world due to travel, trade, technology and communication

Question 29

how has globalisation impacted education

Answer 29

- increased migration and led to ethnically diverse classrooms meaning multi-cultural approaches - could tries influenced by each other - demand for a more skilled work force

Question 30

why are international students more attractive to universities ?

Answer 30

higher tutiition fees

Question 31

Ao3 - policies impacting gender and ethnicity

Answer 31

1. assimilation policies - helped ethnic minorities into the British culture to try and raise achievement - if english wasn’t their first language but some ethnic minorities were already english it was due to racism or poverty 2. Gist and Wise, Dads and Sons introduced to reduce gender differences in achievement and subject choice