Social Psychology Flashcards
(32 cards)
Halo effect
Attractive people are thought to have better qualities
Horn effect
Less attractive people are thought to have less attractive qualities.
Solomon ash suggested that are opinions of people are based on __________
certain fundamental traits
Do we place more emphasis on a positive or negative first impression?
Negative.
Researchers (excluding Solomon Asch) suggest that we combine
our positive and negative traits of one to make our first impression
How long does it take us to make a first impression?
30-60 seconds
eye contact differs between each culture, whilst facial expressions
are mostly the same across all cultures
First impressions: facial expressions: __________, vocal (pitch, volume, speed): ________, words : ___
55%, 38%, 7%
Why do we make attitudes?
to make sense of the world.
to obtain rewards and avoid punishments (by holding socially acceptable opinions).
express strong convictions.
defend ourselves from psychological threats (by having positive attitudes towards ourselves).
Implicit attitudes are
formed without our knowledge
quick to form, slow to change
they affect our spontaneous behaviour
Explicit attitudes are
influenced by social norms
take time and thought to form and are quick to change.
Why do we stereotype?
We stereotype as grouping things makes it easier for us to make sense of the world around us.
What is the problem with stereotypes
they minimise personal differences between people that are grouped in that stereotype
Stereotypes are hard to change because
we often ignore characteristics that are inconsistent with our view of that person
Social influence is the
effects of the presence or actions of others, either real or imagined, on the way people think, feel and behave.
The pressure from social influence can either be
real or imagined
Status
is the importance of ones position in a social dynamic
Conformity is
us changing our thought and attitudes to match up with those around us.
Solomon Asch- stick experiment
one stick to three sticks- which one is the right stick
Factors affecting conformity: Group size
3-5 people is best
when there is more, people suspect that they have decided the answer beforehand
Factors affecting conformity: social loafing
a lack of motivation and teamwork
fac: normative influence
wanting to fit in with the group
fac: informative influence
People believe the group is better informed than they are
fac: group unanimity
if the group is unanimous it is harder to resist
