Social Psychology

Question 1

What is social cognitive bias?

Answer 1

a biased pattern about thinking of others

Question 2

What are the two types of social cognitive bias?

Answer 2

1. fundamental attribution error
2. self serving bias

Question 3

What is fundamental attribution error?

Answer 3

people over emphasize personal characteristics and ignore situational factors when judging other’s behavior

Question 4

What is self serving bias?

Answer 4

when succeeding, people tend to attribute that success to internal factor, whereas, when people fail they tend to bland external factors

Question 5

What is in group bias and favoritism?

Answer 5

favoring ones in-group members rather than out group members

Question 6

What is group serving bias?

Answer 6

attributing a groups success to internal factor of that group, and attributing failure to external factors

Question 7

What is social comparison?

Answer 7

people value their own personal and social worth by assessing how they compare to others

Question 8

What is proximity?

Answer 8

perceiving elements closer together to be more related than elements that are farther apart

Question 9

What is similarity?

Answer 9

the tendency to organize similar objects into a group and assess them as a whole

Question 10

What is attitude?

Answer 10

set of emotions, beliefs, and behaviors towards a particular object, person, thing, or event

Question 11

Is attitude simplistic or complex, and how hard is it to change?

Answer 11

complex, it is very hard to change

Question 12

What is the A in ABC for attitude?

Answer 12

affective: feelings and emotions towards a certain topic

Question 13

What is an example of affective (from ABC)?

Answer 13

I like tea, because it makes me feel calm and relaxed

Question 14

What is the B in ABC for attitude?

Answer 14

behavioral component: past and future activity towards a certain topic

Question 15

What is an example of behavioral component (from ABC)?

Answer 15

I always have a cup of tea after I get home from work.

Question 16

What is the C in ABC for attitude?

Answer 16

cognitive component: beliefs you have about the topic

Question 17

What is an example of cognitive component in ABC for attitude?

Answer 17

tea has many health benefits

Question 18

What are the two routes to change a person’s attitude?

Answer 18

peripheral route and central route

Question 19

What is the peripheral route?

Answer 19

attempts to change an attitude in which beliefs are not held very strongly

Question 20

What is the central route?

Answer 20

attempts to intervene on core beliefs

Question 21

What is the key to long term behavior change?

Answer 21

self perception

Question 22

What is self perception defined by?

Answer 22

self directive behavior (being able to have control over your behavior)

Question 23

What is self persuasion?

Answer 23

motivating oneself to do something in order to achieve a higher goal

Question 24

What influences more self persuasion?

Answer 24

mild threats and perceived choice

Question 25

What can hinder self persuasion?

Answer 25

large incentives

Question 26

What is ingratiation?

Answer 26

we are inherently attracted to similarity and we like cooperation and praise

Question 27

What is conformity?

Answer 27

we follow those who are similar and credible. we model the majority in unfamiliar situations

Question 28

What is scarcity?

Answer 28

we react to protect our individuality and we value rare opportunities

Question 29

What is novelty?

Answer 29

we are habitual and we like routine, but we are attracted to the unique

Question 30

What is the foot-in-the-door technique?

Answer 30

get foot in the door and ask for more

Question 31

What is cognitive dissonance?

Answer 31

have an attitude about an event or thing, but behave the opposite

Question 32

How do we relieve cognitive dissonance?

Answer 32

adjust behavior or attitude (OR adopt a new attitude)

Question 33

What is the door-in-the-face technique?

Answer 33

ask for a lot, settle for a little

Question 34

What is descriptive norms?

Answer 34

getting someone to doo something because everyone is doing it

Question 35

What is an injunctive norm?

Answer 35

something that we should all do for the better good

Question 36

When does stereotyping occur?

Answer 36

ascribe general characteristics, motives, and behaviors to an entire group of individuals

Question 37

When does prejudice occur?

Answer 37

base opinions about people on stereotypes of their in group

Question 38

What does discrimination stem from?

Answer 38

a stereotype