Social Psychology

Question 1

Social psychology

Answer 1

How social context and cultural environment impact a person’s thoughts, feelings, actions

Question 2

Fundamental motivations

Answer 2

• Need to belong
• Need to think about ourselves positively
• Need to feel a sense of control

Question 3

Social norms

Answer 3

Patterns of behaviour, traditions, beliefs and preferences that are reinforced by those around us and influence our behaviour

Question 4

Conformity

Answer 4

People often adopt behaviours and beliefs of those around them

Question 5

Informational social influence

Answer 5

Wanting to understand the world or behave correctly, so conforming to the world around us

Question 6

Autokinetic effect

Answer 6

A single stationary light appears to move if there isn’t anything to anchor it

Question 7

Normative social influence

Answer 7

The pressure to conform to gain approval (peer pressure)

Question 8

Deindividuation

Answer 8

Losing sight of own individuality

Question 9

Social facilitation

Answer 9

Presence of others impacts performance by favouring the dominant response
- Easy -> most likely to succeed
- Challenging -> make mistakes

Question 10

Social loafing

Answer 10

How people “slack” when working in a group
- when they feel individual performance isn’t noticed, or the work is too easy

Question 11

Leader

Answer 11

Authority to wield influence over others’ behaviour

Question 12

How do “earning respect” and “dominance and intimidation” leadership styles differ?

Answer 12

Earning respect is effective even when the leader isn’t there
Dominance results in a population that fears

Question 13

Stanley Milgram

Answer 13

Social psychologist that ran the Milgram experiments

Question 14

Milgram Experiments

Answer 14

Determine the effect authority had on a person’s actions
- Learner paired with participant, if learner failed to recall word list, participant instructed to give them a shock
- 65% of participants continued to listen to experimenter against their better judgment

Question 15

Aggression

Answer 15

Any behaviour directed toward the goal of harming another living being (not just physically)

Question 16

General aggression model

Answer 16

The factors taht conbine to produce aggressive behaviour
- Background (personality, situation)
- Event (trigger, response)
- Resulting action (either impulsive action or thoughtful)

Question 17

Why does aggression happen?

Answer 17

When there is something in the way of a person’s goal

Question 18

Factors that can lead to aggression

Answer 18

Irritants, headache, hangry, etc

Question 19

Negative events cue…

Answer 19

negative thoughts

Question 20

Physical aggression is usually…

Answer 20

Usually men

Question 21

Passive aggression is usually…

Answer 21

Usually women

Question 22

Weapon effect

Answer 22

Simple exposure to a weapon can increase aggressive responses

Question 23

Is there a correlation between video games and aggression?

Answer 23

No clear evidence of increased aggression

Question 24

Prosocial behaviour

Answer 24

Actions to assist others toward their goals

Question 25

Kin selection

Answer 25

Assisting those who share your genes to increase the odds of genetic survival

Question 26

Norm of reciprocity

Answer 26

People help those who have helped them in the past or might in the future

Question 27

Empathy

Answer 27

Putting yourself in someone else's shoes to understand how they feel

Question 28

As a white american you are more likely to help someone...

Answer 28

who is a white american

Question 29

Empathy gap

Answer 29

Unable to understand how someone else is feeling - easier to empathize with one victim, than a group

Question 30

Stereotypes

Answer 30

Mental ideas/schemas that summarize beliefs and associations of groups of people - picked up from our culture, people, media

Question 31

Inaccurate representation of crime data

Answer 31

- Too much about black suspects - Too much about white victims - Latinos underrepresented as victims

Question 32

Stereotypes can lead to...

Answer 32

Inaccurate judgements about people, but also reasonable predictions sometimes

Question 33

The more tired someone is...

Answer 33

The more likely they are to use stereotypes

Question 34

To fight against stereotypes...

Answer 34

Perceive similarities and help justify the way things are

Question 35

Complementary stereotypes

Answer 35

Positive and negative traits to certain groups

Question 36

Prejudice targets...

Answer 36

The core motivation of belonging - means that discrimination hurts a person's health

Question 37

Contact hypothesis

Answer 37

Prejudice can be reduced through friendly/cooperative interactions

Question 38

Reducing prejudice

Answer 38

Working together As equals Toward a common goal In an environment where those in the position of authority support social change

Question 39

Sherif's Robber's Cave Study

Answer 39

Two groups of boys in forest, against each other, until they are presented with a challenge that required them to work together

Question 40

Positive interactions with a person

Answer 40

Expands sense of self (empathy)

Question 41

Strongest prejudices

Answer 41

When someone has no prior experience or exposure

Question 42

Diversity training programs

Answer 42

Somewhat effective

Question 43

What percent of americans use social media?

Answer 43

72%

Question 44

What percent of young American adults use social media?

Answer 44

84%

Question 45

What does feeling connected lead to?

Answer 45

Lower stress

Question 46

Social media can lead to...

Answer 46

People feeling jealous and ignored Also connected

Question 47

What percent of youth adults use dating apps?

Answer 47

48%

Question 48

What percent of people knew someone who formed a long term relationship on a dating app?

Answer 48

29%

Question 49

Benefits of dating apps

Answer 49

Lots of options Online communication App pairs matches

Question 50

Downsides of dating apps

Answer 50

People don't always know what they want They set high expectations for their matches