Social Reform Flashcards
(20 cards)
What was required to vote legally after the 1832 Reform Act?
One had to own property worth £10 per year.
What was the impact of the 1832 Reform Act on Henry Hunt?
Henry Hunt lost his seat in Parliament.
What did the 1835 Municipal Corporations Act do?
It extended the vote for local town councils to all rate payers, excluding the working-class due to property requirements.
What was the perception of the new police force established by town councils?
It was seen as a threat to local working-classes, referred to as the ‘plague of blue locusts’ by Lancashire local workers.
What was the Northern Star newspaper?
It was the most popular newspaper at the time, published since 1819, and aimed to spread radical ideas despite government tax actions.
What was the significance of the Poor Man’s Guardian?
Edited by Henry Hetherington, it was priced at a penny and sold over 15,000 copies per week despite government attempts to suppress radical press.
What was the Anti-Poor Law campaign?
It was designed to cut funding for poor relief, confirming the government’s hostility to working-class needs.
What were the two types of relief provided by local governments?
Indoor relief for the elderly and disabled in poor houses, and outdoor relief in the form of food, clothes, and money.
What was the National Convention in February 1839?
It gathered 1.25 million signatures and claimed to represent all people, but was rejected by Parliament.
What was the moral vs physical force debate in Chartism?
Moral force advocated for legal arguments and sheer numbers, while physical force, led by O’Connor, supported any means necessary.
What were the six demands of the People’s Charter published in May 1838?
Universal manhood suffrage, secret ballot voting, annual elections, equal constituencies, MPs payment, and abolishing property qualifications to vote.
What happened during the Newport Rising on November 4, 1839?
10,000 men marched in military formation, leading to troops firing and resulting in 20 dead or injured.
What was the National Charter Association established in 1840?
It was founded by O’Connor and grew to 50,000 members in 400 branches by 1842.
What were the Birmingham Riots in July 1838?
They were sparked by the London Metropolitan Police breaking up a peaceful Chartist meeting, leading to a fortnight of riots.
What happened during the second petition in May 1842?
It was rejected despite having 3.3 million signatures, the largest petition against the government yet.
What occurred at Kennington Common on April 10, 1848?
20,000-25,000 Chartists marched to present a petition claiming 5 million signatures, but the government refused it.
What was the outcome of the third petition?
It was rejected, and support for Chartism declined rapidly, with none of the six points achieved.
What led to the loss of support for Chartism by 1842?
The arrest of many leaders, divisions among leaders, economic recovery, and government reforms.
What was the Chartist Land Plan?
It aimed to provide land to members, with O’Connor’s slogan ‘three acres and a cow’.
What happened to the Chartist Land Company by 1848?
It was closed by the government due to a technical loophole after 100,000 people bought shares.
