Social Stratification

Question 1

Social class

Answer 1

A category of people who share a similar socioeconomic position in society

Question 2

Marxist theory

Answer 2

Proposes that the proletariat could overthrow the bourgeoisie, as well as the entire capitalist economy by developing class consciousness

Question 3

Class consciousness

Answer 3

The organization of the working class around shared goals and recognition of a need for collective political action

Question 4

False consciousness

Answer 4

A misperception of one’s actual position within a society

Question 5

Anomie

Answer 5

A lack of social norms, or the breakdown of social bonds between an individual and society

Question 6

Social capital

Answer 6

The investments people make in their society for economic or collective rewards

Question 7

Social integration

Answer 7

Peaceful movement into mainstream society

Question 8

Privilege

Answer 8

Inequality in opportunity

Question 9

Cultural capital

Answer 9

The benefits one receives from knowledge, abilities, and skills

Question 10

Strong ties

Answer 10

Peer group and kinship contacts, quantitatively small but qualitatively powerful

Question 11

Weak ties

Answer 11

Social connects that are personally superficial, such as associates, but that are large in number and provide connections to a wide range of other individuals

Question 12

Social mobility

Answer 12

The result of an economic occupational structure that allows one to acquire higher-level employment opportunities given proper credentials and experience requirements

Question 13

Intragenerational changes

Answer 13

Changes in social status that happen with person’s lifetime

Question 14

Intergenerational changes

Answer 14

Changes from parents to chidlren

Question 15

Meritocracy

Answer 15

A means for a person to advance up the social ladder based on intellectual talent and achievement

Question 16

Plutocracy

Answer 16

A rule by the upper class

Question 17

Vertical mobilIty

Answer 17

A movement from one social class to another

Question 18

Horizontal mobility

Answer 18

A change in occupation or lifestyle that reminds within the same social class

Question 19

Poverty

Answer 19

Defined by low SES and a lack of possessions or financial resources

Question 20

Structural poverty

Answer 20

Holes in the structures of society that necessitate that the same percentage of society falls under the poverty line

Question 21

Absolute poverty

Answer 21

A socioeconomic condition in which people do not have enough money or resources to maintain a quality of living that includes basic life necessities such as shelter, food, clothing, and water

Question 22

Relative poverty

Answer 22

When one is poor in comparison to the larger population

Question 23

Poverty level

Answer 23

Derived from the government’s calculation of the minimum income requirements for families to acquire the minimum necessities of life

Question 24

Social exclusion

Answer 24

Can arise from the sense of powerlessness that arises when poor individuals feel segregated and isolated from society

Question 25

Spatial inequality

Answer 25

Focuses on social stratification across territories and their populations

Question 26

Suburbanization

Answer 26

The migration pattern of the middle classes to suburban communities

Question 27

Urban decay

Answer 27

When a previously functional portion of a city deteriorates and becomes decrepit over time

Question 28

Urban renewal

Answer 28

When city land is reclaimed and renovated for public or private use. Often fueled by gentrification

Question 29

Gentrification

Answer 29

When upper and middle class populations begin to purchase and renovate neighborhoods in deteriorated areas, displacing the low SES population

Question 30

World system theory

Answer 30

Categorizes countries and emphasizes the inequalities of the division of labor at the global level

Question 31

Core nations

Answer 31

Focus on higher skills, and higher paying productions, while exploiting peripheral nations

Question 32

Peripheral nations

Answer 32

Exploited by core nations. Have lower-skilled productions

Question 33

Semi-peripheral nations

Answer 33

Midway between core and peripheral nations. They work toward becoming core nations

Question 34

Incidence

Answer 34

The number of new cases of an illness per population at risk in a given amount of time

Question 35

Prevalence

Answer 35

A measure of the number of cases of an illness overall-whether new or chronic-per population in a given amount of time

Question 36

Morbidity

Answer 36

The burden or degree of illness associated with a given disease

Question 37

Mortality

Answer 37

The deaths caused by a given disease

Question 38

Second sickness

Answer 38

An exacerbation of health outcomes caused by social injustice

Question 39

Medicare

Answer 39

Covers patients over the age of 65, those with end-stage renal disease, and those with ALS

Question 40

Medicaid

Answer 40

Covers patients who are in significant financial need