Social Studies 1-111 Flashcards
(110 cards)
0
Q
What states border Virginia?
A
Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina(mustard with ketchup tastes nice)
1
Q
What large body of water borders Virginia?
A
Atlantic Ocean & Chesapeake Bay
2
Q
What are the five geographic regions of Virginia?
A
Appalachian Plateau, Valley & Ridge, Blue Ridge Mountains, Piedmont, Coastal Plain(at virginia beach people feel cool)
3
Q
What geographic region of Virginia is characterized by flat land & is located near the Atlantic Ocean & Chesapeake Bay (Includes Eastern Shore) and is east of the Fall Line?
A
Coastal Plain(Tidewater)
4
Q
What is the natural border between the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) and Piedmont regions, where waterfalls prevent further travel on the river?
A
Fall Line
5
Q
What geographical region means”land at the foot of the mountains”, is west of the Fall Line & has rolling hills?
A
Piedmont
6
Q
What geographical region is part of the Appalachian mountain system and located between the Piedmont and Valley and Ridge regions? It has old rounded mountains and is the source of many rivers.
A
Blue ridge mountains
7
Q
What geographic region of Virginia includes the great Valley of Virginia and other Vasleys separated by ridges? It is located west of the Blue Ridge Mountains.
A
Valley and Ridge.
8
Q
What Geographic region of Virginia is located in southwest Virginia? Only a small part of the plateau is located in Virginia.
A
Appalachian plateau.
9
Q
What mountain system includes the Blue Ridge Mountains and the valley and Ridge regions?
A
Appalachian mountain system.
10
Q
What is the area of land that is flat on top?
A
Plateau.
11
Q
What is a piece of land bordered by water on three sides?
A
Peninsula
12
Q
What body of water provided transportation links between Virginia and other places such as Europe, Africa, and the Caribbean?
A
Atlantic Ocean
13
Q
What body of water provided a safe harbor and was a source of food and transportation for Virginians?
A
Chesapeake bay
14
Q
What body of water flows into the Chesapeake bay? Richmond and Jamestown are located along this body of water.
A
James River
15
Q
Name the body of water where Yorktown is located. It flows into the Chesapeake bay.
A
York River
16
Q
Alexandria is located along this body of water. It flows into the Chesapeake bay.
A
Potomac River
17
Q
Fredericksburg is located along this body of water. It flows into the Chesapeake Bay.
A
Rappahannock River
18
Q
How did the flow of rivers affect the settlement of Virginia?
A
Each provided a pathway for exploration and settlement of Virginia and was a source of food.
19
Q
What is the name of a shallow, natural body of water surrounded by the dismal Swamp am located in the coastal plain region?
A
Lake Drummond
20
Q
What body of water, that is located in the coastal Plains region, has a variety of wildlife and was explored & surveyed by George Washington?
A
Dismal Swamp
21
Q
Where is the EasternShore located?
A
It is a peninsula that is bordered by the Chesapeake Bay on the west and the Atlantic Ocean on the east.
22
Q
Why are native people called Indians?
A
Christopher Columbus called the people he found in the lands he explored “Indians” because he thought he was in the Indies, near China.
23
Q
What proof is there that American Indians lived in all areas of the state?
A
Artifacts, such as arrowheads, pottery, and other tools that have been found tell a lot about the people who lived in Virginia.
24
What were the three major language groups found in Virginia?
Iroquoian, Siouan, Algonquian.
25
What languages were spoken primarily in the tide water region? The Powhatan were a part of this group.
Algonquian (Apple Pie)
26
What languages were spoken primarily in the Peidmont region? The Monocan were a part of this group.
Siouan (Strawberry Muffin)
27
What languages were spoken and Southwestern Virginia and in southern Virginia near what is today North Carolina? The Cherokee were a part of this group.
Iroquoian (Ice Cream)
28
Describe Virginia's climate.
Relatively mild with four distinct seasons resulting in a variety of vegetation.
29
Because forests covered most of the land, Virginia's Indians are referred to as what?
Eastern Woodland Indians.
30
What are some ways Virginians American Indians related to the climate and interacted with their environment to meet their basic needs?
A. Foods changed with the season.
Winter- hunted birds and animals and lived on stored food from the previous fall. Spring - hunted, fished, and pickled berries. Summer-grew crops such as beans, corn, squash. Fall-harvested crops , Hunted for food to preserve a keep for the winter. B. Animal skins, deerskin used for clothing. C. Shelter made from materials around them.
31
How do Virginia and American Indians live today in relation to the way they lived in the past?
Native peoples of the past farmed, hunted, and fished. They made homes using natural resources, used animal skins for clothing in the winter. Today, most native peoples live like other Americans. Their cultures of changed over time.
32
Why is archaeology important?
Archaeologist study all kinds of material evidence from people of the past. Recovered artifacts give them a clues about the interactions of English, Africans, and Indians in early Virginia.
33
What was Werowocomoco?
Werowocomoco was a large Indian town used by Indian leaders for several hundred years before the English settlers came it was the headquarters of the leader, Powhatan, in 1607.
34
What was Jamestown?
Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement in North America.
35
What are the names of the current state recognized American Indian tribesthose of whom that can trace their family history back to before 1607 that continue to live in all parts of Virginia today?
Coastal plain region; Chickahominy, Eastern Chickahominy, Mattaponi, Nansemond, Pamunkey, Rappahannock.
Peidmont: Monacan
36
What were the reasons for English colonization in America?
England wanted to establish an American colony to increase its wealth and power.
37
What minerals did England hope to find in America?
Gold and silver.
38
What would an American settlement provide for England?
They wanted new materials that they could use for trade that they couldn't find in England.
39
Why was Jamestown established?
Primarily as an economic venture, to make money.
40
Who financed the settlement of Jamestown?
The stockholders of the Virginia Company of London.
41
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?
Jamestown, founded in 1607.
42
Where is Jamestown located?
In 1607, Jamestown was located on a narrow peninsula bordered on three sides by the James River. Today, Jamestown is located on an island in the James River.
43
Why did the settlers choose the site at Jamestown?
The location could be easily defended from attack by sea ( Spanish), water along the shore was deep enough for ships to dock, and settlers believed they had a good supply of freshwater.
44
What document gave the Virginia Company of London the right to establish a settlement in North America and extend English rights to the colonist?
The charters of the Virginia Company of London.
45
In 1619, the governor of Virginia called a meeting of the what?
The general assembly.
46
Who attended the general assembly and met as the legislative body?
Two citizen representatives called burgesses from each of the divisions of Virginia, along with the governor's council, and the governor.
47
Who had the right to take part in the General assembly?
Only certain free adult men had a right to take part.
48
By the 1640s, the burgesses became a separate legislative body called what?
The house of Burgesses, which met separately from the governor's council as one of the two legislative bodies of the general assembly.
49
What was the importance of the Virginia House of burgesses?
It was the first elected legislative body in English America giving the settlers the opportunity to control their own government.
50
What does the current Virginia General Assembly date from?
It date from the establish that of the house of burgesses In Jamestown in 1619.
51
How did early African men and women arrive in Jamestown?
Portuguese sailors capture them from what is present day Angola. It is unknown whether or not they served as servants or slaves in Virginia.
52
Under what conditions did the Africans arrived in Jamestown?
Africans arrived forced against their will in 1619.
53
What was the impact of the arrival of Africans on the Jamestown settlement?
Africans made it possible to expand the tobacco economy.
54
What was the impact of the arrival of additional women on the Jamestown settlement?
The arrival of additional women in 1620 made it possible for more settlers to establish family and a permanent settlement at Jamestown.
55
What difficulties did the Jamestown settlers face?
The site they chose was marshy & lacked safe drinking water, Settlers lacked some skills necessary to provide for themselves, and many settler's died of starvation and disease.
56
Who started trading relationship with the native peoples?
John Smith
57
What changes took place that resulted in the survival of the settlers?
The arrival of supply ships, the forced work program of captain John Smith and the importance of farming resulted in the survival of the colony.
58
How did the native peoples and the English settlers interact?
The native peoples traded mainly food with the English in exchange for tools, pots, and copper for jewelry.
59
How did the Powhatan contribute to the survival of the Jamestown settlers?
Powhatan, chief of many tribes, provided leadership to his people and taught the settlers skills. Pocahontas, daughter of Powhatan served as contact between the native peoples and the English. The native people showed the sellers how to grow corn and tobacco.
60
Why did the relationship between the Jamestown settlers and the native peoples change?
Over time, the native peoples realized the English settlement would continue to grow. They came to see the settlers as invaders who would take over their land.
61
What is the crop that is ground to sell for money other then for used by the growers?
Cash crop.
62
What did the economy of Virginia depend on as a primary source of wealth?
Agriculture
63
What became the most profitable agricultural product and was sold in England as a crash crop?
Tobacco.
64
Who was brought to the colony to work against the will as slaves on the plantations?
African men, women, and children.
65
How did agriculture in the Virginia colony influence the institution of slavery?
The Virginia colony became dependent on slave labor, and the dependence lasted a long time.
66
When people settle an area, what do they change to reflect their beliefs, customs, and agriculture?
Culture and landscape.
67
Give three examples of architecture that reflect different cultures.
Barnes, homes, places of worship - churches.
68
Give two examples of places names reflecting culture.
English-Richmond
| American Indian-Roanoke
69
Where did the English and the other Europeans primarily settle?
In the coastal plain (tidewater) ,and Peidmont regions.
70
Where did the Germans and Scott Irish primarily settle?
In the Shenandoah Valley, which was along the migration route.
71
Where did the Africans primarily settle?
In the coastal plain (tidewater) and Piedmont regions, where tobacco agriculture required a great deal of labor.
72
Where did the American Indians live before and after settlers arrived?
prior to settlers arrival, American Indians lived throughout Virginia. After the settlers arrived, most were forced inland.
73
What caused people to adapt old customs to their environment?
Migration and living in new areas.
74
What were some reasons why the capital was moved from Jamestown to Williamsburg?
Drinking water was contaminated by seepage of salt water, unhealthy living conditions caused by diseases, and fire destroyed wooden & brick buildings at Jamestown.
75
What were some reasons why the capital was moved from Williamsburg to Richmond?
Population was moving westward, Richmond was more central located, moving to Richmond increased the distance from attack by the British.
76
England became what in the early 1700s?
Great Britain
77
What is money?
Medium of exchange, currency which includes coins and paper bills.
78
What do you call the trading/exchanging of goods and services without the use of money?
Bartering
79
What do you call the bye have a good or service now and paying for it later?
Credit
80
What do you call money put away to save or to spend at a later time?
Saving.
81
Few people had paper money and coins to use to buy ------- and ------- in the Virginia colony?
Goods and services.
82
What was commonly used in the Virginia colony instead of money?
Barter
83
What crop was used as money?
Tobacco.
84
Farmers and other consumers could buy goods and services on _______ and pay the ______when their crops are harvested and sold?
Credits and debts.
85
Colonial Virginia had no?
Banks
86
What did people living in colonial Virginia depend on to produce the goods and services they needed?
Natural, human, and capital resources.
87
How did the resources influence food, housing, and clothing in colonial Virginia?
Food:food choices were limited and meals were made of local produce and meats. Housing: most people lived in one room homes with dirt floors, some lived in large houses. Clothing: household made their own clothes, most was made of cotton wool and leather.
88
How did most of white Virginia and make their money?
Most made their living from the land as small farmers. A few owned large farms call plantations.
89
What was life like for most enslaved African-Americans in colonial Virginia?
Most work tobacco, crops, and livestock. They had no rights.
90
How was every day life different for free African-Americans in colonial Virginia?
Many free African-Americans own their own business and property, but were denied most rights.
91
How did the colonist ideas about government differ from those of the British Parliament?
A. Parliament believed it had legal authority in the colonies, while the colonist believed the local assemblies had legal authority. B. parliament believed it had the right to tax the colonies, while the colonist believed they should not be taxed since they had no representation in Parliament.
92
What document states that authority to govern belongs to the people rather than to kings and that all people are created equal and have rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness?
The declaration of independence.
93
What role did Virginians have in the Continental Army?
They served as patriots and fought for independence leading to the British surrender at Yorktown.
94
What was the term given to some Virginians who did not take sides in the Revolutionary war while others remained loyal to Great Britain?
Neutral
95
What group of people took on more responsibility to support the revolutionary war effort?
Women.
96
What group of people fought during the Revolutionary war for a better chance of freedom?
Enslaved African Americans.
97
Some free African Americans fought for ______ in the American revolution?
Independence
98
Many ________ fought alongside both the Virginia patriots and the British during the Revolutionary war.
American Indians
99
What Virginian provided military leadership by serving as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army?
George Washington
100
What Virginian provided political leadership by expressing the reasons for colonial independence from Great Britain in the declaration of independence?
Thomas Jefferson
101
What Virginian inspired patriots from other colonies when he spoke out against taxation without presentation by saying give me liberty or give me death?
Patrick Henry
102
Name the enslaved African-American from Virginia who served in the Continental Army and successfully requested his freedom after the war?
James Armistead Lafayette
103
What was the first land battle of the American Revolution fought in Virginia whose American victory forced the British colonial governor to flee the city of Norfolk?
Battle of great bridge
104
Who rode on horseback through the backwoods of Virginia to Charlottesville to warn Thomas Jefferson, then governor of Virginia, that the British were coming to arrest him and members of the general assembly?
Jack Jouett
105
What was the importance of the American victory in Yorktown?
It resulted in the surrender of the British army, which led to an end to the war.
106
I was a Virginian who was elected as the first president of United States. I provided strong leadership needed to help the young country and provided a good role model of leadership for future presidents. I'm often called the father of our country. Who am I?
George Washington
107
I was a Virginian that believed in the importance of having a United States Constitution. I kept detailed notes during the Constitutional convention. My skills at compromise helped the delegates reach agreement during the difficult process of writing the Constitution of United States of America I'm often called the father of the Constitution, who am I?
James Madison
108
What document was written by George mason and states that all Virginians have many rights, including freedom of religion, and freedom of the press?
The Virginia declaration of rights
109
What document was written by Thomas Jefferson and states that all people should be free to worship as they please?
The Virginia statue for religious freedom
