Social Studies - American History Flashcards
1
Q
- purchased in 1803 by Jefferson although viewed as unconstitutional
- considered a milestone for the existence of the US
- consists of most of the land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains
A
Louisiana Purchase
2
Q
- invented in 1807
- Robert Fulton
- allowed traders to sail upriver with ease
A
Steamboat
3
Q
- also referred to as “The Second War of Independence”
- fought between US and British Empire in 1812
- ended with Treaty of Ghent with neither side gaining nor losing significant amounts of land
- brought a sense of American nationalism and pride
- followed by the “Era of Good Feelings”
A
War of 1812
4
Q
- Missouri’s application for statehood in 1819 created a problem bc there were 11 free and 11 slave states
- masterminded by Henry Clay
- allowed Missouri to be introduced as a slave state while the territory of Maine would be a free state
- 36’30 parallel (below slave; above free)
A
Missouri Compromise
5
Q
- James Monroe issued
- established that all lands in Americas were not colonized by European powers and any colonization attempts would be construed as an act of aggression toward the US
- US would not take part in any internal European affairs
A
Monroe Doctrine
6
Q
- in 1828 Andrew Jackson became president and marked a kind of revolution in American politics
- seen as a common man
- favored interests of new western settlers: namely cheap, available land and easy loans
A
Jacksonian Era
7
Q
- southern settlers decided to settle new lands in southern states where Native tribes were
- many had legal claim to their land
- Jackson favored relocation of Natives to west of the Mississippi River (Oklahoma)
-death due to disease, exhaustion, and starvation was common - ## 4,000 - 15,000 Native Americans died along the way
A
Trail of Tears
8
Q
destiny of the US to expand from the Atlantic to Pacific
A
Manifest destiny
9
Q
- 1845 US annexed Republic of Texas
- ignited war w Mexico bc they felt they still had the right to Texas
- Treaty of of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 (US got California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona in exchange for 18 million)
- America finally achieved the expansion from one ocean to another
A
Mexican-American War
10
Q
- helped shape the current boundaries of wester states
- California posed an issue to the Missouri Compromise
- made by Henry Clay
- Texas gave up must of its western land for 10m
- Fugitive Slave act of 1850 was passed
- slave trade was abolished in D.C
- New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah all decided for themselves if they wanted to be a slave or free state
- California was admitted as free
A
Compromise of 1850
11
Q
- slave who had been taken north by his master
- master died and continued to live in the North as a free man
- court ruled: he was a slave not a citizen so he had no right to sue in court; and that the Missouri Comp was unconstitutional because no state had the right to make slavery illegal
A
Dred Scott Case
12
Q
- fought between the Northern and Southern states of the US
- cause of war was centered on slavery and rights of states
- Lincoln was elected
- south succeeded from the union
- war lasted 3 years
- Battle of Gettysburg was turning point
- south surrendered on April 9th
- devastated the South
- end marked beginning of Reconstruction Era
A
Civil War
13
Q
- refers to the period in the US after the Civil War where legislation was passed to ensure equality among all men regardless of race and to rebuild the nation’s infrastructure destroyed during the war
- most notable achievements were thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments
A
Reconstruction Era
14
Q
refers to the social, economic, and political reforms passed by Republicans in Congress until the reforms were met, re-admittance to the Union was prohibited
A
Radical reconstruction
15
Q
- multi-millionaires who profited off the industries most needed during the civil war during the second wave of industrialization that followed it
A
John D. Rockefeller (Standard Oil) Cornelius Vanderbild (railroads) Andrew Carnegie (US Steel_
