Social Studies G.A 2.2 Flashcards

1
Q

economic model which illustrates the flow of goods and finances among economic agents.

A

Circular Flow Program

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2
Q

refers to a market participant or institution that influences the flow of resources in the economy.

A

Economic agent

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3
Q

result of the free interaction between households and firms.

A

Simple Economy

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4
Q

are taxes mandatory

A

yes

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5
Q

what are taxes

A

mandatory contributions by individuals and companies to the government.

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6
Q

refer to government benefits and welfare payments such as pensions and welfare aids

A

Transfer payments

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7
Q

what is a closed economy

A

self- sufficient and does not trade with other economies.

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8
Q

short for aggregate supply and aggregate demand.
It follows the law of demand and law of supply.

A

AS-AD Model

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9
Q

represents the amount of goods and services in the economy that will be consumed at different price levels.

A

AD curve

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10
Q

AS curve

A

Represents the amount of goods and services available for consumption at different price levels.

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11
Q

refers to the GDP that has been adjusted for inflation.
.

A

Real GDP

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12
Q

GDP that has not taken into consideration the level of inflation.

A

Nominal GDP

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13
Q

What are the factors that influence Aggregate demand

A

Cost of Production
Cost of Other Inputs
Use of Technology

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14
Q

Cost of production

A

events or actions that make the cost of production expensive will shift the AS curve to the left.

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15
Q

Cost of other inputs

A

the change in cost of other production inputs, such as labor and capital.

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16
Q

Use of technology

A

he move from manual labor to technology- driven production methods that increase efficiency allows firms to produce more.

17
Q

What are the factors that influence Aggregate demand

A

Changes in income
Fluctuation in exchange rate

18
Q

rise in income enables and encourages consumers to avail of more goods and services.

A

Changes in income

19
Q

Exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another currency.

A

Fluctuation in exchange rate-

20
Q

Macroeconomic Indicators

A

Are statistics used to gauge the general health of the economy.

21
Q

What is a business cycle

A

upward and downward trend

22
Q

Depression

A

the long-term downward trend.

23
Q

The great depression

A

began in the United States. was the downturn in modern history. Triggered black thursday

24
Q

economic indicator that follows the same direction as the company

A

Procyclical

25
Q

economic indicator that follows the opposite direction as the company

A

Countercyclical

26
Q

no impact or unaffected by the movements of the economy

A

acyclical

27
Q

Timing of Change

A

Leading Indicators- before the economy
lagging indicators - delayed reactions
coincident indicators- almost simultaneously

28
Q

GDP as an Economic Measure

A

GDP
High GDP value
Increasing GDP
declining GDP

29
Q

Income vs Expenditure Approach

A

Income- earnings of households, firms, government
Expenditure- summing up expenses incurred by the same groups

30
Q

what is the bathtub theorem

A

changes in aggregate expenditure are caused by the leakages and injections in the circular flow

31
Q

expenditure
leakages
injections

A

expenditure- spending funds
leakages- goes out of circular flow
injections- allows money to go back to circular flow

32
Q

What is double counting

A

value of goods are taken into account twice

33
Q

what are excluded from GDP

A

intermediate goods, transfer payments, sale of second-hand goods, transactions in the underground economy, and non-market activities

34
Q

GNI

A

Gross National Income is an alternative measure of the size of the economy

losing value over the years

35
Q

Net national product NNP

A

depreciation: GDP