social studiesss Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
the 3 countries of the Triple Entente
A
Great Britain
France
Russia
2
Q
Name the 3 countries of the Central Powers
A
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
Ottoman Empires
3
Q
What were the details of the Schlieffen Plan in WWI was the German military strategy to
Quickly defeat _________ and then focus on __________ in the east
A
France, Russia
4
Q
Although the Allies won the War, what country did not enjoy the benefits because it surrendered to Germany almost a year before Germany was defeated?
A
Russia
5
Q
The spark that started the War occurred when the future leader of what region was assassinated?
A
Archduke Ferdinand, Austria-Hungary
6
Q
On which front did the Germans battle the French?
A
Western front
7
Q
Know the estimated human costs on the WWI battlefields according to your book:
A
8.5 million dead soldiers, 21 million wounded
8
Q
What treaty between the Allied powers and Germany was signed exactly 5 years after the assassination of Francis Ferdinand?
A
Treaty of Versailles
9
Q
What was the final straw that brought the U.S. into WWI against Germany? What was the name of the message from Germany to Mexico?
A
Zimmerman note
10
Q
The Boom refers to the decade of the…
A
1920s
11
Q
The Bust refers to the decade of the…
A
1930s
12
Q
The War that followed the Bust
A
WWII
13
Q
____ percent of Americans in 1929 had ________ at all
A
80%, no savings
14
Q
A major cause of the Great Depression was the ___________ because of the artificially manipulating interest rates.
A
Federal reserve system
15
Q
The AAA (a New Deal Agency) had _____ million pigs slaughtered and burned at a time when many Americans were hungry and out of work.
A
6.4 million
16
Q
What comes the closest to the highest rate of unemployment during the Great Depression?
A
25% (1 out of 4)
17
Q
Know the following states that were directly affected by the “Dust Bowl” that hit the Great Plains.
A
Texas
Oklahoma
Colorado
Kansas
Nebraska
18
Q
What were “Hoovervilles”?
A
Small shack-towns mostly made of cardboard
19
Q
What was the Bonus Army?
A
People who wanted their pensions early
20
Q
During the mid-to-late 1920s (even before the Great Depression Started), how were farmers affected by the low prices of wheat?
A
farmers want high prices for crops since they are in the business of selling them
21
Q
What is “Buying on margin”?
A
Borrowing money in order to buy stocks
22
Q
What is Social Security”?
A
Federal pension system that provides financial assistance to people with little to no income
23
Q
Name the 2 the presidents during the Great Depression
A
Hoover and FDR
24
Q
What is a Flapper?
A
A woman who would wear short skirts, bobbed hair, and listened/danced to jazz
25
“The chief business of the American people is _________.”
- _______________ (who said)
business,
Calvin Coolidge
26
Lucky Lindy
This section was about the first Transatlantic flight
27
Great Depression Parts 1 and 2
This section featured information about the New Deal
28
Red Scare
This section focused on Communism and its spread to the USA
29
All That Jazz
This section featured information about Louis Armstrong
30
Monkey Trial
This section described and incident where science came into conflict with religious belief
31
What three countries were ruled by fascist dictators by the end of the 1930s.
Italy, Spain, Germany
32
The earliest incident leading up to WWII in Asia was Japan invading ____________ in 1931. (It is a region of China)
Manchuria
33
These two world leaders signed a nonaggression pact one week before the invasion of Poland that started WWII. (Also, they secretly divided Poland among themselves)
Hitler and Stalin
34
Know the 3 following factors that kept countries from challenging the expanding Axis empires
A global depression
Memories of WWI
The belief in isolationism
35
What happened at the Munich Conference of 1938? Did Hitler keep his promise?
hitler sat down with chamberlin(britain) and told him he wouldn't take anymore land, he didn't keep his promise
36
Know the 3 major Axis Powers in WWII
Germany, Italy, Japan
37
Know why the Maginot Line failed and what it was.
it was a fortification along the france/german border designed to keep nazi germany out of france, it was bypassed through belgium
38
D-Day refers to who invades whom?
Natzis/Germany invading France
39
What was the German war strategy used in WWII to overwhelm the enemy?
Blitzkrieg
40
What battle is considered the major turning point in the war against Japan in the Pacific?
Battle of Midway
41
Around how many Jews were put to death as a result of Hitler’s Final Solution?
6 million
42
What Battle was Hitler’s last major offensive in Europe? Was it successful?
Battle of the Bulge, not successful
43
Know the following 3 blunders of Adolf Hitler during WWII
-Declaring war on the USA
-Invasion of Russia
-Putting so many resources into the extermination of the Jews
44
Which country saw the largest number of Jews killed in the Holocaust?
Poland
45
At which location did Operation Overlord meet the most resistance by the Germans? What was the codename of the beach? (hint: over 2,000 Americans were killed here)
omaha beach
46
Know the following Japanese cities that were sites of atomic explosions.
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
47
What country saw the most casualties during WWII? (both civilian and in terms of soldiers)
Soviet Union/USSR
48
What organization was created after WWII (1945) to prevent another war from starting? It included both the USA and the USSR.
United Nations
49
What battle cost the USSR over one million soldiers and it put the Germans on the defensive on the Russian front?
Battle of Stalingrad
50
The Western European powers used an unsuccessful policy of appeasement against Hitler before the start of WWII. Put the following 5 occasions of appeasement in proper order (first through last).
(1) Hitler no longer follows the Treaty of Versailles
(2) Hitler is allowed to take the Rhineland
(3) The Anschluss is allowed to occur
(4) Hitler is allowed to take the Sudetenland
(5) Hitler is allowed to take Czechoslovakia
51
Karl Marx-most famous for what?
Creating communism and marxism
52
who was the first leader of the USSR
Vladimir Lenin
53
who was the most infamous leader of the USSR
Joseph Stalin
54
Totalitarianism vs. Communism
Which is political?
Which is economical?
political- totalitarianism
economical- communism
55
What was the Iron Curtain?
a semi-imaginary line that divided Europe into two parts after WWII
56
Truman Doctrine/Containment-what was the policy of containment?
the US would provide political, military, and economic aid to democratic countries under the threat of communist influences in order to prevent the expansion of communism
57
Know what The Marshall Plan was
billions of dollars in aid given to 16 nations after WWII
58
Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek (Who won the Civil War? Communists? Or Nationalists?)
Mao Zedong; Communists
59
Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism? What was it?
Joe Mccarthy recklessly accused people of being communist and working as a spy for the USSR.
McCarthyism is the political persecution of left-wing individuals and a campaign spreading fear of alleged communist
60
Edward R. Murrow-How did he help stop McCarthy?
A pioneer of radio and television news broadcasting, Murrow produced a series of reports on his television program See It Now which helped lead to the censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy.
61
Ike (know when he served as president)
Eisenhower - served 1953-1961
62
“military-industrial complex”-who said it? And what does it mean?
Eisenhower, it means a network of institutions involved in the production of weapons and military technology
63
Know Nikita Khrushchev (when he led the USSR)
1953-1964
64
Who was Fidel Castro? Which country did he rule? When?
President of Cuba, from 1959-2008
65
What was the “Bay of Pigs Invasion”? Was it successful?
Tried to remove Castro from power and it was a massive failure.
66
Which president’s program for governing was called the “New Frontier”?
John F Kennedy
67
When did LBJ serve as president?
November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969
68
Know the following about Ho Chi Minh.
-He was a Communist leader in Vietnam (fought against the USA and the South Vietnamese)
-If elections were held after the “temporary” division in 1955, he would’ve been elected
-He received support from China and the USSR
69
Which President famously urged in a speech in Berlin, “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!”?
Ronald Reagan
70
The number of U.S. soldiers killed in Vietnam?
60,000
71
What was the result of the First Gulf War? (It ended in March of 1991)
Kuwait was liberated from the military Iraq
72
What is meant by the phrase Guns and Butter?
War/military and welfare
73
Who was John Henry Hammond? Name 3 famous musicians he discovered
American record producer- Billie Holiday, Robert Johnson, Bessie Smith, Bob Dylan
74
The _____________ Theory convinced JFK to intervene more in Vietnam to stop the spread of Communism.
Domino
75
What effect did the Tet Offensive have on the American Public?
the US ended its involvement in vietnam all together
76
Which U.S. president was in office when the Gulf of Tonkin Incident occurred?
Lyndon B Johnson
77
What happened in the Gulf of Tonkin Incident? How did the U.S. Government Respond
President Lyndon B. Johnson requested permission from the U.S. Congress to increase the U.S. military presence in Indochina.
78
Which President was in power when the USA recognized (accepted the existence) Communist China?
Nixon
79
Which Cold War president was the most suspicious of big government domestic programs?
Ronald Reagan
80
What was the Tiananmen Square incident of 1989?
Troops armed with assault rifles and tanks fired at citizens, several hundreds died, was an example of violent suppression from the government of china on its people
81
Know the countries that were part of the Eastern (Communist) bloc (side)
Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia.
82
The term “evil empire” (from President Reagan) in your reading was directed at the past and present governments of what country?
Russia/Soviet Union
83
Which Cold War President of the USA of the following can best be described as a “realist”? (as opposed to an idealist) realists see the world as it actually is
Nixon
84
Which 3 countries make up French Indochina?
Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos
85
What’s the connection between Brown V. Board of Education and Plessy V. Ferguson?
They are both civil rights issues, one stating that separate but equal was ok (Plessy v. Ferguson) and the other stated (Brown v. Board of Education) that schools should be integrated and that separate but equal is not ok.
86
Who was Jackie Robinson? What is he most famous for?
he was a black athlete, he was the most famous for being the first black MLB player
87
Rosa Parks created the spark that led to the famous Bus Boycott in which city?
Montgomery
88
How did Thurgood Marshall make history twice? First as a lawyer? Then as a judge?
became the nation's first Black United States Supreme Court Justice; argued the historic 1954 Brown v. Board of Education speech, “separate but equal”
89
How did the famous Indian leader, Gandhi, influence MLK Jr.?
He drew heavily on the Gandhian idea of nonviolence in his own activism
90
In 1963, MLK gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech on the steps of which monument?
Lincoln Memorial
91
The Little Rock 9 brought integration to what type of school? In which state?
An all white school in Arkansas. 9 black students were brought into the all white high school by the Federal Government
92
"Bull” Connor was the infamous police chief in which city/state?
city of Birmingham, Alabama
93
According to your book, what was the estimated attendance to the 1963 “March on Washington”?
250,000 it was a civil rights movement
94
How long was the march from Selma to Montgomery?
54 miles
95
The tallest monument in Washington D.C. is dedicated to whom?
George Washington
96
Most important thing that happened in 1920
The boom, technology advanced which led to mass production. The 1920's also had increases in employment.
97
Most important thing that happened in 1930
The bust, everything started recession and the great depression started. Many people were hit hard in the 1930's, and unemployment was at a high.
98
Most important thing that happened in 1940
WW2 occured, which was the deadliest war ever. Over 30 countries fought in the world war in the 1940's.
99
Most important thing that happened in 1950
The cold war started in the 1950's. The cold war happened after WW2, where the allies and the US fought against the soviet union.
100
Most important thing that happened in 1960's
The moon landing occurred in the 1960's. The moon landing is important because it showed the USA technology advances and it taught us a lot about the composition of the moon.
101
Most important thing that happened in the 1970's
The watergate scandal was the most important event during the 1970's. It revealed illegal activities happening with members of president nixon administration.
