Socialisation And Our Social Environment

Question 1

What is primary socialization?

Answer 1

Primary socialization is the initial training given by parents and sibling when the child is at infant stage. At this stage, the child is taught how to speak the language, eat, politeness, neatness among others.

Example sentence: During primary socialization, children learn basic skills and behaviors from their family.

Question 2

What is secondary socialization?

Answer 2

Secondary socialization is the further training that the individual receives in the school, community, church and other places after her initial training in the home.

Example sentence: Secondary socialization occurs when individuals learn societal norms and values outside of their family.

Question 3

What is anticipatory socialization?

Answer 3

Anticipatory socialization is the process where the individual tries to copy the lifestyle of a popular person in or outside his or her community. The individual copies the patterns of behaviour of his or her cherished role model.

Example sentence: Anticipatory socialization can involve adopting the habits and behaviors of a desired mentor.

Question 4

What is socialization

Answer 4

Socialization is a conscious effort by the older generation to pass on the culture of the society to the individual or the younger generation.

Question 5

What is re-socialization?

Answer 5

Re-socialisation is the process of socialization whereby the individual totally neglects the values he or she learns at home and picks up new patterns of behavior. Re-socialization may take place from peers or from a change of environment.

Example: A person moving to a new country and adapting to the local culture.

Question 6

Examples of agencies of socialization

Answer 6

Some of these agencies include the home, the school, religious bodies, media, and community.

Question 7

Who are agents of socialization?

Answer 7

The actual carriers of the work of socialization are called agents of socialization. The agents actually come into contact with the individual and effect the change which may be positive or negative. If the effect is positive, it is beneficial to the individual and nation. However, if the effect is negative, the individual and the nation lose. The agents include family members, teachers, peers, priests, imams, elders, opinion leaders, peer groups, military, police, and organizations.

Example sentence: Teachers play a crucial role as agents of socialization in shaping students’ behavior.

Question 8

Mention three importance of primary socialization to development of individuals/ What is the role of the family in the socialisation process?

Answer 8

Primary socialization provides a sense of security and support
Primary socialization provides domestic and occupational training
Primary socialization provides a way for the transmission of culture
Primary socialization promotes co-operation
With primary socialization there’s a provision of physical needs
Inculcates basic discipline
Gives the children a sense of identity

Question 9

Mention four roles the mass media plays in the socialization of an individual in society

Answer 9

the mass media is in charge of providing information on social and political events
The mass media provides education
The mass media provides entertainment
The mass media promotes cultural preservation.
The mass media also installs attitudinal change meaning depending on what is shown on TV and individual can change their life. For example, documentaries shown about HIV/AIDS and drug addiction can help others know about the effects of it and practice chastity
Provides skill training

Question 10

What is the role of the school in the socialization of an individual?

Answer 10

The school helps in the provision of academic knowledge
School helps in the formation of an individual’s character
School provides occupational or intellectual skills
School also helps in the transmission of culture
Provision of sporting activities and games
Inculcates values such as punctuality

Question 11

Mention four factors that affect the family in its attempt to socialize an individual

Answer 11

Negative influence of peers
Influence of foreign culture
Demands of work on the parents
The problem of divorce
Economic difficulties
Urbanization
Formal education
Religion

Question 12

What is meant by peers?

Answer 12

This refers to individuals of the same age group

Question 13

Mention three importance of peer groups in socialization

Answer 13

They offer opportunity for language training
The give support individuals to become independent
They provide shelter and protection to members
They ensure interaction among members
They provide emotional needs such as affection and comfort and acceptance
They provide entertainment
Provision of teamwork and co-operation
Assistance in studies

Question 14

Mention two importance of socialization to a nation

Answer 14

Socialization prepares the young to acquire skills necessary to enter the economy
Socialization helps the individuals achieve his or her personal goals and aspirations
Socialization helps the individuals elevate his or her national Identity
Socialization enables the individual to participate in his or her environment
Preserves the culture of a society
Provides a sense of security and belonging

Question 15

Mention three effects of lack of socialization

Answer 15

There will be a problem of lack of cultural preservation
The breakdown of extended family system
low productivity as a result of work ethics
Resources will be channeled into maintaining the law and others thereby slowing development
There will be breakdown of public or social morality

Question 16

Mention four ways of promoting socialization in our society

Answer 16

Moral education should be pursued actively in the society
Children should be encouraged to participate actively in cultural programs
The youth should be helped to develop good patterns of behavior in school, churches and in the home
The schools need to teach family life education
Cultural festivals must be encouraged in the nation

Question 17

Define social environment

Answer 17

This is the kind of interaction or interpersonal relationships that exist in a given community or group of people guided by certain principles and norms to ensure/ enhance good neighbourliness

Question 18

Define group interest

Answer 18

refers to the desires cherished by either a majority of the people or those who matter in society
On the other hand selfish desires of a person are known as individual interest

Question 19

Mention the types of groups in society

Answer 19

Good citizen
Bad citizen
Passive citizen

Question 20

What is meant by a good citizen

Answer 20

This is a person who is often seen helping his fellow men without seeking personal gain and anxious to do what he or she can do to help improve his or his society

Question 21

What is meant by a bad citizen

Answer 21

A person who thinks only of himself and does not care about others

Question 22

Who is a passive citizen

Answer 22

This is a person who is selfish and has not learned that if everyone is helped and work together it is better. This person is apathetic to community work and are a useless burden on the community or society

Question 23

Mention three factors which promotes group interest in society

Answer 23

Respect for other people’s rights
Right type of education
Conflict resolution
Fair distribution of national wealth
Games and sports
Honouring deserving citizens

Question 24

Define deviant behavior

Answer 24

This is an absurd/ unpleasant individual behavior where some members of the society do not want to conform to the rules, norms and laws of that society

Question 25

What are the two types of deviance that can be found in society

Answer 25

Primary deviance and secondary deviance

Question 26

Define primary deviance

Answer 26

This is not a permanent lifestyle of the individual. It can be characterized by petty stealing of fruits and others. It can be easily stopped or checked.

Question 27

What is meant by secondary deviance?

Answer 27

This is a well organized and ethical behavior of an individual or group which may result in he or she being imprisoned.

Question 28

Mention three causes or reasons for deviance in society

Answer 28

Breakdown of family system Poverty profile or an equal distribution of social wealth Peer group pressure Cultural borrowing or media influence Limited religious education in the home and in schools The desire to become rich overnight (poverty) Generation gap Exposure to foreign cultures Drug influence Unemployment

Question 29

Mention two effects of deviant behaviors

Answer 29

The individual is looked down upon or is ostracized There is high cost of combating and controlling deviance Strained family ties It leads to break down of law and order There is insecurity,social unrest and stagnation in the development of the society. Health problems Death

Question 30

What are some measures to control the problem of indiscipline behavior/deviant behaviour in society?

Answer 30

There is the need to introduce a mechanism to reduce the problem of deviance behavior that is prison service, the court snd tribunal system, and police service Encouraging religious and moral education Good parental care and control Songs of ridicule during festivals and at schools Provision of guidance and counseling Provision of employment Enforcement of discipline in schools Ritual sanctions Banishment Traditional courts of chiefs

Question 31

Mention three measures to promote better social environment

Answer 31

The police service and courts must be established and properly equipped to deal with society problems. The citizens must be given their right education. Minor conflicts should be promptly settled so that they don't develop into unmanageable dimensions. Individuals must know the limits of his or her rights as a citizen.

Question 32

Mention three ways the police service can be made more effective to maintain law and order.

Answer 32

The use of modern technology in its operation the conditions of work of the police service must be improved. there is the need to establish more training depots with modern facilities to produce efficient officers. Adequate vehicles must be given for the policemen to be mobile. Recruitment must take into account the population of the country Formal and in service training

Question 33

What is Occupational socialisation?

Answer 33

This is where the individual learns the values, beliefs and norms of a new occupation or organisation

Question 34

Mention 2 reasons why the school is failing to socialise a child

Answer 34

Laying more emphasis on academic knowledge Inadequate qualified teachers Inadequate infrastructure and materials Overloaded curriculum Influence of other agentyof socialisation Influence of mass media

Question 35

Mention 3 reasons why the mass media is failing in the socialisation process

Answer 35

Exposure to pornographic materials Exposure to criminal activities Fanning ethnic and political sentiment

Question 36

Mention 3 factors that hinder the promotion of interpersonal relationships

Answer 36

Selfishness Suspicion Greed Envy

Question 37

What is individual interest

Answer 37

This is the desires cherished by an individual

Question 38

Mention 3 examples of deviant behaviour

Answer 38

Homosexualilty Armed robbery Drug abuse Juvenile delinquency Indiscipline Prostitution Disrespect for authority Bribery and corruption

Question 39

Mention 3 ways by which the police maintains law and order

Answer 39

Arresting suspected criminals Crowd control at political and social gatherings Protection of life and property Detecting and investigating cases Public education Offering incentives to helpful citizens Enforcement of traffic regulations Settling of disputes

Question 40

Give 3 measures that help to make prisons better reformative homes

Answer 40

Effective vocational training Provision of religious and moral education Provision of guidance and counseling Rehabilitation of structures in prison Provision of social amenities Effective management and supervision Better working conditions for officers Public education