Socialism Flashcards
(28 cards)
Key Thinkers
- Marx & Engels
- Rosa Luxemburg
- Beatrice Webb
- Anthony Crosland
- Anthony Giddens
Marx & Engels Key Ideas
1) Capitalism corrupt & self-destructive
2) Class in society
3) Common Ownership
4) Need for violent revolution
5) Rejection of religion
6) Communism is end of society
The Communist Manifesto (1848)
Rosa Luxemburg Key Ideas
1) Need for violent revolution
2) Destroy capitalism
3) Reject Marxism-Leninism
4) Proletariat dictatorship
Reform or Revolution (1900)
Beatrice Webb Key Ideas
1) Gradualism of socialism
2) Expansion of state
3) Common Ownership
4) Corrupt capitalism
5) Socialist govts allow people to see benefits
Minority Report of the Poor Law Commission (1909)
Anthony Crosland Key Ideas
1) Social class more complicated
2) Keynesian capitalism
3) Public ownership gone far enough
4) Comprehensive education
5) Equality of opportunity
The Future of Socialism (1956)
Anthony Giddens Key Ideas
1) Free market funds public spending
2) Equality of opportunity
3) Individualistic
4) Smaller state
The Third Way (1997)
Socialism on Society?
1) Shaped by the market
2) Focus on social environment
3) Importance of class
4) Equality of outcome
5) Becoming more complicated
Socialism on Economy?
1) Capitalism corrupt
2) Keynesian capitalism
3) Free market
4) Common Ownership
5) Equality of outcome/ opportunity
Socialism on State?
1) Enlarged state
2) Redistribute wealth
3) Eventually “wither away”
4) Collectivism
5) Gradualism
6) Encourage political participation
Socialism on Human nature?
1) Malleable
2) Affected by social environment
3) Naturally collectivist
4) Altruistic
5) Could be negatively affected by revolution
Types of Fundamental Socialism?
1) Marxism
2) Marxism-Leninism
3) Democratic Socialism
Marxism Key Ideas
1) Violent Revolution
2) Proletariat Dictatorship
3) Follows Marx ideals
What is Marxism-Leninism?
1) Change to communism can skip over need for advanced economy
2) Support for revolutionary vanguard
What is Democratic Socialism?
1) Support for Gradualism over revolution
2) Democratic reform by socialist governments
What is Neo-Marxism?
1) Advocated violent revolution
2) Saw that Dem Soc hadn’t worked
What is Classical Revisionism?
1) Capitalism could be compatible with regulation
2) Public ownership far enough
3) Focus on equality of opportunity
What is Social Democracy?
1) European style (e.g SDP in Germany)
2) Keynesian Capitalism
3) Focus on other areas of inequality
Types of Revisionist Socialism?
1) Classical Revisionism
2) Social Democracy
3) Neo-Revisionism
What is Neo-Revisionism?
1) Embraced neoliberal economics to fund public spending
2) Focus on social inequalities
Background of Marx & Engels?
MARX:
- Son of wealthy
- Wrote radical news in university
- Exiled from Prussia
- Lived in poverty and relied on Engels
ENGELS:
- Wealthy textiles family
- Got involved in radicalism
- Saw slums in England
- Criticised Industrial Revolution
- Founded Communist League with Marx
Background of Rosa Luxemburg?
- Born in Russian Empire
- Fled persecution to Germany
- Left SDP due to hating WW1
- Led 1919 Spartacist Uprising
Background of Beatrice Webb?
- Member of Fabian Society
- Founded Labour Party
- Wrote Clause IV
- Support for trade unions
- Rejected revolution
Background of Anthony Crosland?
- Fought in WW2
- Professor of Economics at Oxford
- MP for Labour Party
- Developed comprehensive education
Background of Anthony Giddens?
- Influential sociologist
- Director of LSE
- Pro-European
- Influenced New Labour
