SOCIETY Flashcards
it may also defined as an organized group or groups of people who generally share a common territory, language, culture and who act together for collective survival and well being.
society
are man-made products of ideas and activities.
artifacts
are thoughts, beliefs, feelings and rules.
ideas
it refers to the group of people who shares common culture.
society
This means that ideas, activities and artifacts are shared in common by the various members of a society or group. They have become socially and conventionally standardized in form and manner. Since culture is extra geneticist, transmission is not simply automatic but largely depends on the willingness of humans to give and receive it.
SHARED AND CONTESTED
Culture is dynamic, flexible and adaptive; shared and contested; learned through socialization or enculturation; patterned social interactions; integrated at times unstable; transmitted to socialization/enculturation; and requires language and other forms of communication
aspects of culture
insocial scienceandanthropology means to apply one’s owncultureorethnicityas a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices,behaviors,beliefs, and people, instead of using the standards of the particular culture involved.
Ethnocentrism
“that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a behavior and the fact that humans are characterized by them by the virtue of being born as “human beings” apart from other creatures in the animal kingdom suggests the universal nature of the concept. John Honigmann has pointed (1959)
culture
Being acquired by learning, cultural ideas and artifacts are handed down from generation to generation as a super-organic inheritance. That is accomplished by social learning, by imitating the act of others, though most often is transmitted more directly by human language, which in itself a part of culture and considered the most important part, the “soul” of every culture.
Transmitted Through Socialization/Enculturation
Social Interaction implies theories of reciprocity, complementarily, and mutuality of response. The patterns of social interactions may be viewed as inherent characteristics of the participants merely given the opportunity to be exposed or as emergent in the sense that they arise in the interaction as a product.
Patterned Social Interactions
For society or group, ideas, activities, and artifacts are not only shared; their arrangement more or less fit together and interlock to form a consistent whole. For example, technology and its relation with social and political patterns.
Integrated and at Times Unstable
Every normal infant has the potential to learn any culture as he grows and survives the various stages of life. Through the process of socialization or enculturation, the child eventually acquires the prevailingattitudes and believes, the forms of behavior appropriate to the social role he occupies, and the behavior patterns and values of society into which he is born.
Learned Through Socialization or Enculturation
Cultural behaviors permits human to fit into and adaptive to their respective environments. In contemporary societies, culture has even developed allowing people to fit the environment to their daily need. The cumulative and social nature of human ideas, activities and artifacts gives a tremendous potential from other groups if their cultural behaviors have found to have survival value.
DYNAMIC, FLEIBLEAND ADAPTIVE
Language is shared set of spoken symbols and rules for combining those symbols in meaningful ways. Language has been called “the store house of culture”. It is the primary means of capturing, communicating, discussing, changing and passing shared understanding to new generations. Language is the most important means of cultural transmission, the process by which one generation passes culture to the next.
Requires Language and Other Forms of Communication
are the dynamic components of culture.
activities
