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Sociological Theories Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

What theory argues that society is divided along gender lines

A

Feminism

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2
Q

What theory believes that men have more dominance and power than women in society

A

Feminism

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of feminist

A

Radical

Marxist

Liberal

Difference

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4
Q

What do radical feminist focus more on

A

The problem of the patriarchy

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5
Q

What do liberal feminist focus more on

A

The rights of women as individuals and believes in removing all forms of discrimination

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6
Q

What are feminist critical about?

A

The traditional role of the women

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7
Q

What approach do Marxist feminist take?

A

A Marxist approach to the study of women and women’s interest

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8
Q

What type of theory is feminism?

A

A conflict theory

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9
Q

Two strengths of feminism

A
  • very influential - effect role of women in today’s society
  • influenced the government and the laws
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10
Q

What laws have been influenced by feminism

A

Equal Pay Act

Sex discrimination Act

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11
Q

One criticism of feminism

A

Some types of feminist have suggested things that might be unworkable

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12
Q

What have radical feminists suggested that might be unworkable

A

To stop women from sleeping with the ‘enemy’

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13
Q

Key words for Feminism

A

Radical

Liberal

Marxism

Inequality

Patriarchy

Conflict

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14
Q

What type of theory is Marxism

A

A structural and conflict theory

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15
Q

What do Marxist believe

A

That the bourgeois exploits the proletariat

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16
Q

Who developed the Marxist theory

A

Karl Marx

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17
Q

What did Marx believe?

A

That the proietariat will eventually revolt against the Bourgeois

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18
Q

What is false class consciousness

A

Where the P are brainwashed so they don’t realise how bad their own situation is

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19
Q

Who owns the means of production

A

The bourgeoise

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20
Q

Two strengths of the Marxism theory

A
  • very influential in the 1960’s

* A good alternative to functionalism that actually addresses conflict

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21
Q

One criticisms of Marxism

A

•suggests we have no free will and are brainwashed into false consciousness

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22
Q

Key words for Marxism

A

Ideology

Capitalism

Means of production

Working class

Exploitation

False consciousness

Class consciousness

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23
Q

What is functionalism also known as

A

A consensus theory

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24
Q

What do functionalist believe

A

That society is a social system based on an agreement

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25
What other theory can functionalism be related to
The organic theory
26
What is the organic theory
Believe that society is run like the human body - | With each part having its own equal function
27
What is social solidarity
A sense of belonging in a society
28
Who is associated with functionalism
Emilie Durkheim
29
One strength of functionalism
Organic analogy is useful
30
One criticisms of functionalism
•rose tinted view - too optimistic
31
What other theory’s can criticise functionalism
* feminists | * social action theory
32
Key words for functionalism
Consensus Social control Shared values/norms Social solidarity Organic analogy Collective consciences Structural Rose tinted views Socialisation
33
What does new right theory focus on
The idea of ‘shared values’ but more specific about what they are
34
What does new right theory highlight
The importance of family values and the responsibility of yourself
35
When was the new right theory developed
In the 1980’s
36
What type of values does the new right theory have
Victorian values
37
What does new right family have a big influence on
Conservative party | The government
38
What theory is similar to the new right theory
Functionalism | - NR was developed more recently
39
What are the 5 giant evils New right believe are in society
Ignorance Want Squalor Disease Idieness
40
Two strengths of new right theory
* has informed many government policies on welfare,education and crime * it identifies the importance of shared moral values for society’s stability
41
Two criticisms of new right theory
* very ‘victim blaming’ | * many people need benefits owing to their circumstances e.g. disability
42
Key words for New right Theory
Freedom Nuclear families Welfare dependency Welfare benefits Single parents Underclass Marketisation Zero tollerance Traditional values
43
What does the social action theory argue
That peoples behaviour and life chances aren’t determined by their social background
44
What do social action theorists emphasis
The role of individuals in shaping personal identities
45
Two strengths of social action theory
* interactionism can give us an insight into small scale social processes * the theory has practical applications - labelling theory
46
Two criticisms of social action theory
* the theory assumes people will always live up to their label * it may ignore the importance effects that large scale social structures and systems can have on people
47
Key sociologists of social Action theory
Meads Becker Weber Gofmann’s
48
What is postmodernism
An approach that attempts to define how society has progressed to an era beyond modernity
49
What is a society most likely to experience in postmodern theory
A pick and mix culture - individuals will choose a religion that best suits their lifestyles
50
What type of structure is the postmodernism theory
A complex structure
51
Key postmodernists
Baudrilla Lyotard
52
Key studies in social action theory
Labelling theory - Becker
53
What is the process of labelling
``` Individuals label one another The label is then picked up on This shapes the ‘self - concept’ They see themselves in terms of the label The self-fulfilling prophecy ```
54
What year was the first wave of feminism
Late 19th and early 20th century
55
What happened in the first wave of feminism
Women got the vote
56
When was the 2nd wave of feminism
1960’s and 1970’s
57
What happened in the second wave of feminism
Equal pay act Abortions became legal Sex discrimination Act Contraceptive pill
58
Two strengths of postmodernism
* useful in explaining the increase of diversity | * recognises the rise of consumerism and ability of people who choose their own identities
59
Two criticisms of postmodernism
* fail to see that many people are not as ‘free to choose’ as they say * fails to explain that their can still be inequality
60
Key words for postmodernism
Metanarrative Globalisation Diversity Media saturated society Pick ‘n’ mix

Sociology (2 decks)

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