Sociologists

Question 1

Aries says…

Answer 1

Childhood didn’t exist, he looks at paintings and sees they are all very similar, once a child is socialised they are simply small adults.

Question 2

Pollack says what…

COUNTER-ARGUMENT FOR ARIES

Answer 2

More correct to say middle ages simply had a different notion of childhood.

Question 3

What does Postman say?

Answer 3

Childhood is disappearing because of the same rights, same crimes and a lack of unsupervised game time.

Question 4

What does Jenks say?

Answer 4

Childhood is changing not disappearing.

Modern society concerned with future and childhood is seen to prepare them to become a productive adult

Question 5

Who says there are two roles of the family?

Answer 5

Parsons (1955)

• primary socialisation
• stabilisation of adult personalities

Question 6

What are MURDOCHS 4 functions of the family?

Answer 6

• economic
• reproductive
• stable satisfaction of sex drive
• socialisation

Question 7

What does Poulantzas say?

Answer 7

Sees family as a superstructure of society & family plays an ideological apparatus which the bourgeoise use to create norms

Question 8

What does Parsons (1955) say about domestic division of labour?

Answer 8

Expressive and instrumental roles

Expressive - woman, express herself by making home nice

Instrumental - men, bread winner

Question 9

What does Bott say?

Answer 9

Bott talks about joint and segregated conjugal roles.

Joint - share house work

Segregated - woman does domestic, men does paid work

Question 10

Who says there are 4 things that lead to a symmetrical family?

Answer 10

Young and Willmott (1973)

Question 11

What 4 things lead to a symmetrical family according to Young and Wilmott?

Answer 11

• geographical mobility
• equal rights for women in society
• new technology
• better standards of living

Question 12

Who rejects the march of progress in the division of labour?

Answer 12

Oakley

Silly feminist

Question 13

What does Oakley say?

Answer 13

Men ‘help’ around the house but the main responsibility still remains with the woman.

Question 14

Who is the main theorist for the Personal Life Perspective?

Answer 14

Carol Smart

Question 15

What theory says women are domestic and are there to destress men?

Answer 15

Warm Bath Theory

Question 16

Who says ‘wives who work full time do less house work’?

Answer 16

Gershuny

Question 17

Who talks about women having the ‘dual burden’ of paid and domestic work?

Answer 17

Ferri & Smith

Question 18

Who talks about a ‘triple shift’ doing paid work, domestic work and childcare?

Answer 18

Mardsen

Question 19

What do Silver & Shor say?

Answer 19

Burden of housework for women has reduced due to commercialisation.

Question 20

Who says ‘couples whos parents had a more equal relationship are more likely to share the load’?

Answer 20

Gershuny

Question 21

What did Kan find?

Answer 21

For every £10,000 women earned they did 2 hours less of housework a week.

Question 22

Who studied professional couples and found that

Very important decisions - men or joint but men have final say

Important decisions - joint or just female

Less important decisions - female

Answer 22

Stephen Edgell

Question 23

Who found that ‘gay/lesbian couples attached no meaning to who controls money’?

Answer 23

Carol Smart (2007)

Question 24

What do Pahl and Vogler say?

Answer 24

Allowance system - women given budget

Pooling system - both partners have access to income & take joint responsibility for spending

Question 25

What does Sue Palmer say?

Answer 25

Toxic childhood