Sociology

Question 1

Founder of French Socialism; believed in reorganizing society after the French Revolution.

Answer 1

Henri de Saint-Simon
(1760-1825)

Question 2

Leaders of industry and scientists should lead society, not kings or priests. Main goal is to produce useful things and reduce war.

Answer 2

French Socialism

Henri de Saint-Simon

Question 3

Henry De saint- simon

Answer 3

Founder of French socialism

Question 4

Inspired Auguste Comte and advocated for a “society of science.”

Answer 4

Henri de Saint-Simon’s French socialism

Question 5

1.

Founder of Synthtic and Moral philosophy

Answer 5

Herbert Spencer
(1820-1903)

Question 6

Covers physical, psychological, biological, sociological, and ethical aspects.

Answer 6

Synthetic Philosophy

Herbert Spencer

Question 7

Believed people should fulfill their needs as long as they don’t harm others.

Answer 7

Moral Philosophy

Herbert Spencer

Question 8

Argued for minimal government intervention, stating that society should evolve naturally.

Answer 8

Self-Regulation

Herbert Spencer

Question 9

Saw social competition as part of natural laws, but also believed in minimal interference

Answer 9

Social Statistics

Herbert Spencer

Question 10

basic law of ethics and morality
o Extension of laws in the natural world, and much of his scientific justification
for his moral position

Answer 10

Principle of ethics

Herbert Spencer

Question 11

Types of principles of ethics

Answer 11

Moral Dictum
Scientific Position

Herbert Spencer

Question 12

Once physical and biological realms are discovered, humans
should obey them and cease trying to construct, through political legislation,
social forms that violate these laws

Answer 12

Moral dictum

Herbert Spencer

Question 13

The laws of social organization can no more be violated
than can those of the physical universe, and to seek to do so will create, in the
long run, more severe problems

Answer 13

Scientific position

Herbert Spencer

Question 14

Founder of Modern Sociology

Answer 14

David Emile Durkheim (1858-1917)

Question 15

Focused on how societies maintain unity in the modern world.

Answer 15

Modern Sociology

David Emile Durkheim

Question 16

Believed ideas and language are shaped by society, not just individuals

Answer 16

Sociology of Knowledge

David Emile Durkheim

Question 17

Concepts like language and beliefs are created through social interactions and shared history.

Answer 17

Collective Representations

David Emile Durkheim

Question 18

Founder of Social Learning Theory

Answer 18

Albert Bandura (1925 - Present)

Question 19

We learn by observing others and responding to social feedback.

Answer 19

Social Learning Theory

Albert Bandura

Question 20

Belief in one’s ability to achieve goals, even after failures. High self-efficacy helps overcome obstacles.

Answer 20

Swlf Efficacy

Albert Bandura

Question 21

Four Sources of Self-Efficacy

Answer 21

Mastery experiences, vicarious learning, social persuasion, and psychological responses.

Albert Bandura

Question 22

Proposed the Theory of Self-Estrangement or Self-Alienation

Answer 22

Karl Marx (1818-1881)

Question 23

The idea that workers can become alienated when their work feels meaningless.

Answer 23

Self-Estrangement

Karl Marx

Question 24

the capitalist system makes workers lose connection with their own work and society.

Answer 24

Class Struggle

Karl Marx

Question 25

German sociologist and political economist believed that Capitalism  is developed out of a Protestant ethic, a religious calling

Answer 25

Max Weber (1864-1920)

Question 26

Capitalism and Religion

Answer 26

Believed capitalism grew out of Protestant beliefs but later became a dominant force in society. | max weber

Question 27

Describes how capitalism, once tied to religious ethics, became an impersonal system controlling people's lives.

Answer 27

Iron Cage | Max Weber

Question 28

Stressed that true personality development comes from focusing on the subject, not the individual teacher.

Answer 28

Self-Help Imagination | Max Weber

Question 29

presented the complexity of Iroquois society in a path-breaking ethnography that was a model for future anthropologists He wanted to provide evidence for monogenesis, the theory that all human beings

Answer 29

Lewis Morgan (1818-1881)

Question 30

Studied how societies evolve, particularly through changes in technology, family structure, and social institutions.

Answer 30

social Evolution | Lewis Morgan

Question 31

Believed that family and kinship are key to understanding social development.

Answer 31

Kinship Relations | Lewis Morgan

Question 32

Argued that all human beings came from a common source and society evolves in stages.

Answer 32

Monogenesis | Lewis Morgan