Sociology

Question 1

Definition of Sociology

Answer 1

The study of social behaviour (relationships with people), the study of human groups and people in groups, the study of society and the social structures we develop

Question 2

Purpose of Sociology

Answer 2

To understand and explain patterns of social behaviour.

Question 3

Role of Family in behaviour

Answer 3

Individuals learn values and acceptable behaviours from their family, and often use these learned values in social settings

Question 4

Role of gender in behaviour

Answer 4

How we behave as either a male or female is determined by the role given to our gender by society
In our society, we value strength in men and sensitivity in females, you are likely to internalize the qualities attributed to your gender

Question 5

Role of Culture in behaviour

Answer 5

A culture influences us, and we view the rest of the world through our own cultural perspective
People can be influenced by more than one culture

Question 6

What is the Primary agent of Socialization

Answer 6

Learning the basic skills needed to survive in society

Question 7

What is the Secondary agent of Socialization

Answer 7

Is the process of learning how to behave appropriately in group situations (school)

Question 8

What is Anticipatory socialization

Answer 8

learning how to plan the way to behave in new situations (plan ahead behaviour for new situations - using prior knowledge, about certain social settings, you should be able to anticipate how to dress, behave and talk)

Question 9

What is Re-socialization

Answer 9

is the process by which negative behaviour is transformed into positive behaviour ( jail)

Question 10

Definition of socialization

Answer 10

The process by which the individual learns the behavioural patterns, skills, and values of his/her social world is socialization.

Question 11

What are Feral Children

Answer 11

Unwanted kids deserted at a young age and raised by animals
Ferals have the behaviour of the species that raised them and can perfectly imitate their gestures and sounds
Can lead to inability to speak, walk or eat

Question 12

What are Isolates

Answer 12

Children raised in near isolation within a human household

Question 13

Definition of agents of socialization

Answer 13

Agents of socialization are the people and institutions that shape an individual’s social development

Question 14

The primary agent of socialization is: Why?

Answer 14

Family is the primary agent because it shapes behaviour throughout life, starting from birth (including those crucial early years of development)

Question 15

3 other agent of socialization are

Answer 15

School
Peer groups
Religion

Question 16

Definition of Conformity

Answer 16

A change in attitude or behaviour due to the real or imagined presence of others

Question 17

What is Charles cooley - looking for Glass self

Answer 17

“ i’m not who i think am , i am not who you think i am, i am who i think you i am”

Question 18

1.) Trust vs Mistrust

Answer 18

Starts from infant to about 18 months old. At this stage, infants must learn to trust others, particularly those who care for their basic needs.

Question 19

2.) Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt

Answer 19

One-year-old to three-year-old toddlers . At this stage, children struggle with issues of personal control and establishment of self as an entity.

Question 20

3.) Initiative vs Guilt

Answer 20

Occurs at 3-5 years of age. As toddlers become pre-schoolers, they begin to develop a sense of purpose. They like to explore and do things on their own.

Question 21

4.) Industry vs Inferiority

Answer 21

During elementary school age (6-13 years old). They want to do things that their peers can do. They learn to read, write, do math, and play sports. Teachers play a significant role in these children’s life.

Question 22

5.) Identity vs Role Confusion

Answer 22

Happens during adolescence(13-21 years old). This stage marks the shift from childhood to adulthood. It is also the turning point where “what the person has come to be” meets “the person society expects one to become.”

Question 23

6.) Intimacy vs Isolation

Answer 23

After having developed a strong sense of identity at stage five, young adults (21-39 years old) become concerned about finding companionship and intimacy.

Question 24

7.) Generativity versus Stagnation

Answer 24

The primary concern of middle-aged adults (40-65 years old) is leaving a legacy. They feel the urge to be productive and make contributions to the society.

Question 25

8.) Integrity vs Despair

Answer 25

people in late adulthood (65 years old and older). It is important for them to feel a sense of fulfilment knowing that they have done something significant and made meaningful contributions to the society

Question 26

The Asch Experiment

Answer 26

Each person in the room had to state aloud which comparison line (A, B or C) was most like the target line. The answer was always obvious. The real participant sat at the end of the row and gave his or her answer last.

participants conformed to the incorrect group answer approximately one-third of the time.

In the control group, with no pressure to conform to confederates, less than 1% of participants gave the wrong answer.

Question 27

Stanley Milgram

Answer 27

Milgram staged meticulously designed sham experiments in which subjects were ordered to administer dangerous shocks to fellow volunteers (in reality, the other volunteers were confederates and the shocks were fake). Contradicting the predictions of every expert he polled , Milgram found that more than seventy percent of the subjects administered what they thought might be fatal shocks to an innocent stranger.

Question 28

Stanford Prison Experiment

by: Philip Zimbardo

Answer 28

In a simulated prison environment.” What followed was an unimaginable series of events that appeared to bring out the worst in both the prisoners and the guards. However, this “evil,” argues Zimbardo, was not the result of the students who were chosen specifically based on their moderate demeanor, lack of prior trouble, and representative status to their peers, but the “evil” was a result of the situation and the system in which the situation occurred.