sociology 9.0

Question 1

the social construction of gender concept

Answer 1

Socialization theories about gender roles have grown to understand that we should view both sex and gender as socially constructed products. Scholars have learned that there is a biological basis for some gender differences.

Question 2

in relation to social construction of gender, where do gender identities emerge

Answer 2

they emerge in relation to perceived sex differences in societies and cultures

Question 3

according to social constructionist perspectives…

Answer 3

gender is not something that we are, but something that we “do” or a role that we perform.

Question 4

glass ceiling

Answer 4

a promotion barrier that prevents women’s upward mobility within an organization. This prevents women from receiving the same increases in pay as they vertically move through a company, or their occupational mobility.

Question 5

cause of glass ceiling

Answer 5

women do not have a foundation of well sponsored or powerful colleagues that can express the woman’s value in an organization

Question 6

second shift

Answer 6

the fact and or concept that a women’ work day does not ed after a typical paid work day. Her “second shift” is the work some women perform in their homes caring for their house and children

Question 7

Statistic about the the second shfit

Answer 7

in most countries, women work longer hours than men

Question 8

issue with housework in society

Answer 8

although women have made extreme progress with their status in the professional world, it was presumed that with more married women working in the workforce, more males would contribute to housework. Although they have done more housework than men thirty years ago, a huge gap persists in society with the level of housework completed by genders.

Question 9

rape culture

Answer 9

social context in which the attitudes and norms perpetuate the treatment of women as sexual objects and instill in men a sense of sexual entitlement

Question 10

affect rape culture has on men or where it is cultivated from

Answer 10

the concept of rape culture may make men insensitive to the difference between consensual and nonconsensual sex, which then contributes to the high levels of violent sexual acts against women

Question 11

gender inequality

Answer 11

the differences in status, power, and prestige that women and men have in groups, collectives, and societies

Question 12

questions about gender inequality

Answer 12

whether or not men and women have different or the same: access to valued societal resources (food, money, power, and time?) or life options, and roles in different activities?

Question 13

patriarchy

Answer 13

the dominance of and privilege afforded to men over women. All known societies are patriarchal, although there are variations in the degree and nature of the power men exercise and are bestowed relative to women

Question 14

feminist theory(ies)

Answer 14

a sociological perspective that emphasizes the centrality of gender in analyzing the social world and particularly the experience of women. There are many strands of of feminist theory, but they all seek to explain gender inequalities in society and work to overcome them

Question 15

types of feminist theories

Answer 15

liberal feminism, radical feminism, black and transitional feminism

Question 16

sex

Answer 16

the biological and anatomical differences distinguishing females and males

Question 17

gender

Answer 17

social expectations about behavior regarded as appropriate for the members of each sex. Gender refers to not the physical attributes distinguishing men and women, but to the socially formed traits of masculinity and femininity

Question 18

fact about gender and sex

Answer 18

they are ever fluid and evolving, when before they were only viewed as just: binary, or the two categories of male and female leading to the term nonbinary