Sociology and Psychology MSK

Question 1

What is sociology?

Answer 1

Systematic way of how society is organised and how we experience life.
social behaviour, society, patterns of social relationships, social interaction and culture that surrounds everyday life

Question 2

Health definition

Answer 2

state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing.

Question 3

Using obesity as an example what are the biological implications

Answer 3

genetic susceptibility

hormonal imbalance

Question 4

Using obesity as an example what are the psychological implications

Answer 4

eating behaviour 
habits 
exercise 
emotions ad stress
cognitions

Question 5

Using obesity as an example what are the social implications

Answer 5

family 
peers 
advertising and availability 
costs 
culture

Question 6

What is the cognitive approach?

Answer 6

focus on the understanding of infromation and concept s

attention, perception, memory, knowledge , language, problem solving , reasoning and decision making

Question 7

Cognition

Answer 7

mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thoughts experiences and senses.

Question 8

What is social class?

Answer 8

a division of society based on social and economic status

Question 9

What Does the NSSEC do?

Answer 9

The national statistics socio-economic classification tries to capture job security , career structure with opportunities and promotion

Question 10

What does artefact mean in terms of data and social class?

Answer 10

Differences are not real ?

Question 11

What is the cultural/behavioural approach?

Answer 11

way of living by social class , views vary as extent to behaviour is limited

Question 12

What is the materialist explanation for social class

Answer 12

Based on research such as that they are backed with evidence and shows links between factors - could be linked with cultural and behaviour

Question 13

What is the psycho social explanation

Answer 13

the lower you are in hierarchy the less autonomy and control of circumstances you have which can reinforce anxiety and stress

Question 14

what are the 5 arguments about social class?

Answer 14

Artefact - not real
cultural/behavioural 
health section 
materialist 
psycho social

Question 15

What Is the health selection argument?

Answer 15

survival of the fittest

the more vulnerable will face greater discrimination within existing social structures

Question 16

what are health inequalities

Answer 16

differences in health status or in distribution oh health determinants between different population groups

Question 17

health inequity

Answer 17

where health differences are preventable or unnecessary allowing them to persist is unjust

Question 18

goals of the best start in life and healthy child programme

Answer 18

help parents develop and sustain strong bond with their children
suport parents in healthy living
protect children from serious diseases through screening and immunisation
reduce childhood obesity by
identify health intervention
focus on health needs of children

Question 19

what can you do as a doctor to address inequalities in children health?

Answer 19

build trust and communicate clearly
history includes contextual factors e.g. child with asthma do you understand how condition works
recognise patterns of neglect and abuse
share info and referring in a timely manner
signpost ot financila and food support
learn and apply practical measures
advocacy- role of healthcare professional

Question 20

Public health approach to prevent injury 4

Answer 20

surveillance
identification of risk and protective factors
development and evaluation of interventions
implementation

Question 21

what is surveillance PH

Answer 21

collection of data regarding issue , what is the problem

Question 22

What is identification of risk factors and protective factors PH

Answer 22

what are the causes who is getting ill and what are they doing to fix the problem

Question 23

what is development and evaluation of interventions PH

Answer 23

stop problem ,what works and for who

Question 24

What is implementation PH

Answer 24

putting a plan in action , scaling up effective policy and programmes

Question 25

epidemiology

Answer 25

study of distribution and determinants of health related states or events

Question 26

incidence

Answer 26

number of new cases arising in a given period of time

Question 27

prevalence

Answer 27

number of cases in a given time in defined pop

Question 28

Inclusive masculinity theory

Answer 28

less invested traditional views but more soft , liberal and open version of masculinity

Question 29

Salutogenic masculinity:

Answer 29

Salutogenesis = approach focusing on factors that support human health and well being , rather than on factors that cause disease ( pathogenesis) Potential of conventional masculien values to produce benefits Health promoting consequences of men's participation in sport and physical activity

Question 30

Caring Masculinity

Answer 30

Expansion of emotional expressiveness and care for others - fathering there is often an effort to progress distant relationships that men experienced in own fathers Becoming involved in caring l eg children and left men to an enriched and expanded repertoire of masculinities

Question 31

Hegemonic masculinity

Answer 31

Can allow for positive relationships and outcomes associated with masculinity ideals and practices new opportunities for men to reconstruct their masculinities

Question 32

impacts of severe illness flowchart

Answer 32

Pathology - impairment - limitation - restriction - dependency - well-being - life evaluation all these require help or intervention

Question 33

Stressors:

Answer 33

Stressors: physical, psychological threat to well being, placing demands that require adaptation leading to: (outside of us we cant control)

Question 34

Stress response

Answer 34

biological and psychological( behavioural, cognitive, emotional ) response associated with internal state of strain/tension/arousal

Question 35

Stress

Answer 35

Stress as an interaction between stressor and response perceived when discrepancy between demands vs resources and ability to cope

Question 36

what is the self regulatory model

Answer 36

This model suggests how illness beliefs interact with emotional response to influence actions 3 stages Interpretation - understanding problem/stressor Coping - address problem to re-establish normality Appraisal- assessing success of coping

Question 37

stages of adjustment

Answer 37

``` shock and denial anger depression coming to terms acceptance ```