Sociology Quiz 4, 5,6,7 sample questions for Exam 2 Flashcards
Exam 2 flashcards (42 cards)
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 65-81), _________ is associated with the pattern of cultural experiences and attitudes that exist in the lowest class segments of a society.
Low culture
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 65-81), if a sociologist practices cultural relativism in their ethnography of a religious commune. This means that the sociologist ______.
Assesses the culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of one’s own culture
Frank notices that their new neighbor is building a machine in the backyard. When Frank inquires what it is, their neighbor explains that its a pumpkin catapult for a competition, and shows Frank dozens of pictures of various national events and tournaments involving hundreds of people. Frank’s neighbor is involved in a:
Subculture
In his article, “Becoming a Marihuana User,” Howard Becker argues that those who continue to use marijuana must:
Learn how to get high, how to recognize the effects and connect them with use, and learn to enjoy being high
Hypothetically, a sociologist travels to the nation of Mali in northern Africa to study rites of passage for young women entering adulthood. This sociologist finds that many young women are pressured to undergo a form of genital cutting involving removal of the clitoris, inner labia, and outer labia. The sociologist is outraged and begins encouraging young women to resist this cultural practice. According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 65-81), this reaction would be characterized as _______.
Ethnocentrism
In his article, “Becoming a Marihuana User,” Howard Becker claims that we take on social roles that we encounter through socialization with other people. Theoretically, learning the social roles of those around us through face-to-face encounters fits best within which theoretical paradigm.
Symbolic interactionism
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 65-81), a form of culture that is associated with intellectualism, political power, and prestige is ___.
High Culture
In his article, “Becoming a Marihuana User,” Howard Becker argues that marijuana use is a product of one’s ______.
Social experiences with other drug users
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 65-81), a social norm that dictates that students will not plagiarize, use another person’s writing without giving credit, on papers. If a student plagiarizes, there are institutional sanctions up to expulsion. This would be characterized as a breach of one of the ______ of higher education.
Mores
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp.65-81), ______ is the belief that another’s culture is superior to one’s own.
xenocentrism
Which of the following best characterizes how Max Weber theorizes “the protestant work ethic?”
Protestantism supports the pursuit of profit by motivating believers to work hard, be successful, and not spend their profits on material goods
In The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Max Weber analyzes the following social institutions:
Religion and economy
The concept of “the iron cage” was popularized by ________.
Max Weber
In “The Power Elite,” C. Wright Mills finds that the “power elite” are heads of what institutions?
Military, economy, and government
The “Protestant Work Ethic” is based on the concept of predestination, which states _______.
God has chosen who will be saved and those who will be damned
According to Mills, which of the following definitions best characterizes “the power elite?”
A small group of wealthy and influential people at the top of society who hold the power and resources
Insofar as Mills’ insights on “the power elite” focus on the consolidation of power among small subset of the population, dividing the population into haves and have-nots, this research can be classified as an example of what theoretical tradition?
Conflict Theory
In his book The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Max Weber discusses a “steel-hard casing” or “iron cage.” Which of the best statements best describes this iron cage?
The modern economic order characterized by institutions and bureaucracy; an economy bound to the technical and economic conditions of mechanized, machine-based production
According to Max Weber’s concept of “rationalization,” a rational society is one that _______.
is built around logic and efficiency by promoting efficiency and merit-based success.
Which of the following statements most closely reflects Max Weber’s characterization of Puritan/Protestant beliefs on wealth acquisition?
Wealth acquisition, as a result of one’s vocational calling, is seen as a sign of God’s blessing
According to Karl Marx, which of the following characteristics describes the “Bourgeoisie?”
They own the means of production
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 235-55), how would you classify a sociological theory of inequality that asserts the following? “Stratification is necessary because it represents the unequal value of different work. It is essential that a society ensures that qualified people are placed into functionally essential positions.”
Structural Functionalism
According to Karl Marx, the “Proletariat” are best characterized as:
The working class
According to the OpenStax textbook (pp. 235-55), social stratification involves categorizing people into rankings based on ______.
Wealth, Income, Education, and Power
