Sociology Unit 3 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Role
The expected behaviour of a person in a particular social position.
Functional Differentiation
Divisions that are created to help deal with a complex environment; these divisions operate independently but are connected to one another.
Primary Group
A set of people with whom an individual had strong emotional and personal connections (family and friends)
Secondary Group
Anyone outside of your primary group who will influence you socially.
Secondary Socialization
the process of learning how to behave appropriately in group situations.
Feral
unwanted child deserted at a young age and raised by animals.
Values
Shared ideas and standards that are considered acceptable and binding.
Macro sociology
A wide perspective and is concerned with studying the society as a whole. Ex. examine larger social institutions that individuals belong to.
Micro sociology
Study interactions among individual members and their place in society. Ex. To study a religion they would look at the beliefs and role of single worshipper.
Rationalism
Social Actions motivated by efficiency or benefit, not custom or emotion.
Positivism
the application of the scientific method to obtain quantifiable data in order to understand society.
Anticipatory Socialization
The process of learning how to plan the way to behave in new situations.
Isolate
a child raised in near isolation within a human household.
Norm
expectations about how people should behave.
Bureaucracy
A large administration that pursues a wide variety of goals.
Social Influence
the effect other people have on a persons thoughts and actions. Ex of Direct Influence – you eat sushi with your friends though you want a burger; ex of indirect is dating someone you think your family wants you to date. `
Primary Socialization
the process of learning the basic skills needed to survive in society. (Hygiene, manors, dressing and language)
Socialization
The continuing process where an individual learns the appropriate behavioural patterns, skills, and values for his or her social world.
Agents of socialization
people and institutions that shape individuals social development. (Primary: Family. Secondary: friends, classmates, religion, workplace, media)
Resocialization
the process by which negative behaviour is transformed into socially accepted behaviour.
Structural Functionalism
o A society is stable when social institutions meet the needs of its citizens.
o Study how these institutions (family, religion, politics, school) work interdependantly to help the society function.
o Emphasizes the power of social structures to create harmony and happiness among individuals.
o Criticism: the theory does not account for destructive forces (poverty).
Symbolic Interactionism
o Studies human interaction at the micro level
o Social roles and values are formed by individual interpretation
o Individuals create a sense of self by the reactions of others
o Social life depends on our ability to imagine ourselves in social roles and the ability to see ourselves reflected in the experiences of those around us
o The behaviour of others is based on our reaction and response
o This dependent relationship allows society to run smoothly
o We accept roles in order to fit in to society
Conflict Theory
o The conflict theory studies competition between different economic groups for power. Those who are lower class want more power and those higher up want to keep the power away from the lower class
o Institutions tend to further alienate the poor, making them feel powerless (invisible).
o The theory mainly focuses on conflict between the rich and the poor but can be applied to things like gender and race
Feminist Sociology
o Female sociologists studied how men controlled women’s lives: jobs, finances, and their bodies
o They study gender inequality
o Women were marginalized and deprived of power and were not considered equal to men
o Examined symbols, values, and norms of society
o Concluded that society is structured to favour men
