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socsci Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the self, described as in an integrated system?

A

Self as a system of interconnected body, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

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2
Q

What is the fight or flight response associated with?

A

Cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine (adrenaline) travels towards the heart, causing it to beat faster

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3
Q

What condition is characterized by cholesterol plaque build-up in arteries?

A

Atherosclerosis

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4
Q

What are common effects of stress on the body?

A
  • Irritability
  • Fatigue
  • Difficulty to concentrate
  • Acne
  • Hair loss
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5
Q

What is Thinking System 1?

A

Faster, more instinctive thinking that involves immediate intuition regarding problems

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6
Q

What does Thinking System 2 require?

A

More thought and effort, approaching problems logically and slowly

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7
Q

What is cognitive bias?

A

Results of System 1 errors leading to unconscious errors and incorrect conclusions

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8
Q

What does the peak-end rule state?

A

We judge experiences based on their peak and end moments

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9
Q

What is confirmation bias?

A

Listening to information that agrees with one’s beliefs and ignoring opposing information

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10
Q

What does the ABC Model stand for?

A
  • Antecedent Events
  • Beliefs
  • Consequences
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11
Q

What is situation selection in emotion regulation?

A

Taking action before a situation occurs to achieve a desired emotional response.
Antecedent-focused

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12
Q

What is the role of emotions in interpersonal relationships?

A

Emotions
signal value to others and influence social interactions
facilitate specific behaviors in perceivers
signal the nature of interpersonal relationships
provide incentives for desired behavior

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13
Q

What does expressive suppression refer to?

A

Attempts to decrease ongoing emotion-expressive behavior

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14
Q

What are the three key features of emotion?

A
  • What gives rise to emotions
  • constituent elements of emotions
  • malleability of emotion
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15
Q

what gives rise to emotions

A

if a person attends situation and relevant to their goals, they will feel emotion
emotion will change if goal or meaning of the situation changes

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16
Q

constituent elements of emotions

A

subjective experience, behavior, and peripheral physiology
emotions come from changes in these three domains

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17
Q

malleability of emotion

A

emotion can be molded into any shape without losing quality

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18
Q

What is the ‘Modal Model’ of Emotion?

A

Situation → Attention → Appraisal → Response → Situation (cycle)

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19
Q

What does situation modification involve?

A

Controlling the situation during the event, also known as problem-focused coping
Antecedent-focused

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20
Q

What is attentional deployment?

A

Redirecting attention from one situation to another without changing the environment
Antecedent-focused

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21
Q

Types of Attentional Deployment

A

Distraction - shift in attention away from emotion or the situation altogether
Rumination - perseverative focus on thoughts and feelings, increased duration of negative emotion can lead to depression

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22
Q

what is cognitive change

A

Refers to changing how one thinks about the situation or capacity to manage the demands of the situation
Antecedent-focused

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23
Q

What is reappraisal in cognitive change?

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A

Changing how one thinks about a situation to alter emotional response

24
Q

What is Response Modulation

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A

refers to influencing physiological, experiential, and behavioral responses; exercise and relaxation can be used to decrease experiential aspects of negative emotions
expressive suppression = attempts to decrease ongoing emotion-expressive behavior
Response-focused

25
What are the two types of emotion regulation processes?
* Intrinsic processes: regulating one's own emotions * Extrinsic processes: regulating emotions through others
26
hedonistic terms
many emotion regulation goals are understood in hedonistic terms people motivated to avoid pain and seek pleasure
27
What is the difference between entity and incremental theories?
* Entity theories: personality and intelligence are fixed * Incremental theories: attributes are dynamic and malleable
28
What is the effect of automatic processes in emotion regulation?
They require neither attention nor intention
29
What characterizes major depressive disorder?
Increased negative affect and decreased positive affect (anhedonia)
30
What does the emotion context insensitivity view suggest?
Depression leads to pervasive disengagement, resulting in decreased emotional reactivity
31
What is the function of emotions in intrapersonal contexts?
Emotions - help us act quickly with minimal conscious awareness prepare the body for immediate action influence thoughts motivate future behaviors
32
What is meant by 'emotion regulation as diagnosis/treatment for psychopathology'?
Examining how emotional regulation processes can affect mental disorders
33
Fill in the blank: The ABC Model of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy includes activating event, ______, and consequence.
belief
34
True or False: Positive emotions lead to negative emotions according to Frederickson's Broaden and Build Theory.
False
35
What is Representativeness Bias
Stereotyping someone as part of group or category
36
What is anchoring and adjustment
quantitively under or overestimating real value
37
what is fundamental attribution error
overemphasize internal factors and underestimate external factors when explaining the behavior of others
38
Antecedent Events
events that caused emotions
39
Beliefs
interpretation or belief regarding event
40
Consequences
Consequences of beliefs
41
Functions of Emotions by ______
by Hwang and Matsumoto Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Social and Cultural
42
Social and Cultural
roles and meanings of emotion that have an effect in society and culture
43
Emotion Regulation by _______
James J. Gross 1. Orientation to Emotion & Emotion Regulation 2. Five major families of process that facilitate emotion regulation 3. Three exciting growth points for the field of emotion regulation
44
Three exciting growth points for the field of emotion regulation
* beliefs influence, encourage, discourage, emotion regulation * appreciation for automatic as opposed to effortful forms of emotion regulation * emotion regulation as diagnosis/treatment for psychopathology
45
how beliefs influence, encourage, discourage, emotion regulation
people differ in emotion regulation goals and their beliefs regarding emotion people differ in the assumptions they make about themselves and the social world (lay theories perspective)
46
Entity vs Incremental Theories
Entity - personality and intelligence are fixed and stable (people in this theory are less willing to change) Incremental - attributes of a person are dynamic and malleable (people in this theory are more willing to change)
47
Deliberate vs Automatic Process
deliberate process - require attention and person is conscious automatic process - requires neither attention or intention
48
Psychopathology
mental disorders, abnormal patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior
49
Major Depressive Disorder
increased negative affect and decreased positive affect (anhedonia); disrupts emotional regulation processes
50
Emotion context insensitivity view
Derives from evolutionary accounts of depression characterized by disengagement and sees emotional response (both negative and positive) involving engagement with environment
51
Video - Emotions and Brain
brain is wired to threats (bad emotions) and reward (good emotions)
52
Video - This is how your brain works
system 1 = fast thinking (can be fooled by illusions, relate things with previous experiences ex. bank is the money bank but can be river bank) system 2 = slow thinking (math)
53
Video - Fundamental Attribution Error
more emphasis on internal explanations than considering the circumstances judging a book by its cover
54
Video - Alfred and Shadow - a short story about emotions
emotion to meet needs like love to another negative experiences can be attributed to big black shadow, ptsd or shame or fear sometimes fake emotions to get what you want, or cover up emotions with other emotions if in fear, tell someone you trust that you are afraid, fear will become more manageable (self-compassion, handle criticism) talk about and show real emotions/ change emotions with emotions easier to do with the empathy and support of another person
55
Video - ABC Model of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy by Woody Schuldt
activating event (running to a friend in grocery store to get a banana, gets ignored) belief (someone depressed, more negative; someone happy, more positive or neutral) consequence (can be neutral, positive, or negative consequence) situation selection (avoid situations that lead to travel, seek situations that lead to good outcomes) [activating event] cognitive change (challenge negative thoughts and think) [belief] response modulation (identify bad patterns and change them) [consequence]
56
Video - Frederickson's Broaden and Build Theory
positivity begets positivity positive emotions broaden to novel thoughts, activities to build or develop personal skills, knowledge to personal growth and fulfillment to positive emotions again
57
VUCA
volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity

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