Sodium Flashcards
(33 cards)
hyperosmolar hyponatremia
hyperglycemia or mannitol
isoosmolar hyponatremia
hyperproteinemia, hyperlipidemia
SIADH urine studies?
Una-increased, Uosm- inc
Dehydration urine studies?
Una- decreased, Uosm- increased
Hypoosmolar hyponatremia Euvolemia with urine osm <100?
psychogenic polydypsia, beer potomania, tea and toast
Hyponatremia hypervolemia urine Na <20
heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrosis
Hyponatremia urine osm >100, serum osm <275, urine Na >40
SIADH, CSW, AI, hypothyroidism, HCTZ
treatment for CSW?
fluids
Free water defecit calculation?
Kg x .6 x (serum Na/goal Na-1)
Hypervolemic hypernatremia?
primary hyperaldosteronism
Euvolemic Hypernatremia?
DI
testing to distinguish CDI and NDI?
first water restriction which both will fail to concentrate urine, second is exogenous ADH in which CDI will be able to concentrate urine
Central DI treatment?
vasopressin or desmopressin
Nephrogenic DI treatment?
diuretics, amiloride, indomethacin
pseudohyponatremia causes?
hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia
SIADH uric acid?
decreased
HCTZ hyponatremia, uric acid level?
increased
rate of correction for acute (<48h) hypernatremia?
1 meq/hr, 24 meq in 24 hours
rate of correction for chronic hypernatremia?
<10 meq/24 hr
what surgical procedure can lead to severe acute hyponatremia?
TURBT
why does TURBT cause hyponatremia?
small bladder perforations leading to absorption of irrigation fluids
TURBT syndrome hallmarks?
hyponatremia, hemolysis, metabolic acidosis
how to trat severe acute hyponatremia?
rapid correct of 4-6 meq in first 6 hours. using hypertonic saline
CSW clinical stutus?
polyuria, high urine sodium, hypovolemia
