Soft Tissue Flashcards
(74 cards)
1
Q
soft tissue principles
A
benign outnumber malignant
met to lungs, liver, bone
lower ext (thigh)
2
Q
etiology soft tissue tumors
A
radiation trauma-angiosarcoma from mastectomy herpes 8-kaposi chemical exposure thermal burns
3
Q
neurofibromatosis type 1
A
malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
4
Q
garner syndrome
A
fibromatosis (desmoid)
5
Q
Li Fraumeni syndrome
A
soft tissue sarcoma and other malignancies
6
Q
hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease
A
telangiectasias over skin and mucosal surfaces
7
Q
Ewing sarcoma genetic
A
t(11;22)
8
Q
liposarcoma-myxoid and round cell genetic
A
t(12;16)
9
Q
synovial sarcoma genetic
A
t(x;18)
10
Q
rhabdomyosarcoma-alveolar genetic
A
t(2;13)
11
Q
extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma genetic
A
t(9;22)
12
Q
soft tissue in children
A
rhabdomyosarcoma
13
Q
soft tissue in young adults
A
synovial sarcoma
14
Q
soft tissue in adults
A
undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (malignant fibrous histiocytoma) and liposarcoma
15
Q
best predictor of prognosis
A
stage
16
Q
spindle cell
A
fibrous
schwann
fibrohistocytic
smooth muscl
17
Q
small round blue cell
A
rhabdomyosarcoma
PNET/Ewings
18
Q
epithelioid
A
epithelioid sarcoma
19
Q
matrix producing
A
extraskeletal osteosarcoma
20
Q
biphasic-spindle and epithelial
A
biphasic synovial sarcoma
21
Q
fasicles of spindle cells
A
smooth muscle
22
Q
short fasicles in pin-wheel
A
fibrohistiocytic
23
Q
nuclei in columns (palisading)
A
schwann
24
Q
herringbone
A
fibrosarcoma
25
most common adult soft tissue tumor
lipoma
26
most common location lipoma
subcutaneous trunk and proximal extremities
27
lipoma
soft, mobile
painless except angiolipoma
lobules of mature fat
28
fibrolipoma
fibrous area
29
angiolipoma
small vessels
30
spindle cell lipoma
spindle cell areas
31
intramuscular lipoma
lipoma within muscle
32
liposarcoma
proximal extremities and retroperitoneum
33
well diff liposarcoma
retroperitoneal
34
most common type of liposarcoma
well diff
35
genetic liposarcoma
MDM2 amplification-inhibits p53
36
lipoblast
cytoplasmic vacuoles scallop nucleus
37
myxoid liposarcoma genetic
t(12;16) FUS-DDIT3
38
myxoid liposarcoma histology
chicken wire
rare lipoblast
intramuscular-thigh
39
aggressive liposarcoma
pleomorphic
40
histology dedifferentiated
separate fat
41
benign reactive proliferations
nodular fasciitis
| myositis ossificans
42
fibromatoses
deep fibromatosis
| superficial fibromatosis
43
common site of nodular fasciitis
volvar forearm
44
nodular fasciitis
rapidly growing-10% history of trauma
deep dermis, subq, or muscle
reactive process
spindle cell prolif of fibroblasts
45
myositis/panniculitis ossificans
athletic adolescents
50% trauma
fibroblastic but later develops bone and ends as trabecular bone with marrow
46
superficial fibromatosis
palmer
plantar
penile
poorly defined fasicles of fibroblasts and abundant collagen
47
desmoid tumor (deep-seated fibromatosis)
extra abdominal
abdominal
intra-abdominal
48
palmer fibromatosis (Dupuytren)
nodular thickening of palmer fascia
puckers skin and digit flexion contraction (4th and 5th)
50% bilateral
49
peyronie's disease
induration or mass on dorsolateral penis
can cause abnormal curvature of penis
can constrict urethra
50
genetic desmoid tumors
mutations in APC or B catenin
| seen in teens-thirties
51
abdominal desmoid tumors
anterior abdominal wall
| women during of after pregnancy
52
intra-abdominal desmoid
mesentery and pelvic walls
| associated with Gardner syndrome
53
common location fibrosarcoma
deep extremities
54
fibrosarcoma characteristics
fish-flesh with hemorrhage and necrosis
| spindle cells in herringbone
55
skeletal muscle tumors
rhabdomyoma
cardiac rhabdomyoma
rhabdomyosarcoma--embryonal, alveolar, pleomorphic
56
most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood and adolescence
rhabdomyosarcoma
57
location of rhabdomyosarcoma
head/neck (nasal cavity, orbit, middle ear)
| GU tract
58
most common rhabdomyosarcoma
embryonal
59
sarcoma botryoides
kind of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
in walls of hollow viscera and mucosal lined surfaces
cambium layer-submucosal hypercellular area
best prognosis
cluster of grapes into lumen
60
embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
mimic skeletal muscle embryogenesis
| round and spindle cells
61
rhabdomyoblast
eccentric eosinophilic cytoplasm with thick and thin filaments
tadpole cells and strap cells
62
myogenic markers
myod1, myogenin, desmin
| seen in rhabdomyoblasts and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
63
genetic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
t(2;13) or t(1;13)
| PAX3 or PAX7 to FOXO1
64
characteristics of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
deep muscles of extremities
early to mid adolescence
fibrous septa divide tumor into alveolar like spaces containing discohesive cells
poor prognosis
65
pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma
deep soft tissue of adults
rhabdomyoblasts
often mistaken for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
desmin, myoD1 and myogenin positive
66
most common leiomyoma location
uterus
67
leoimyoma
benign smooth muscle tumor
skin-erector pili, nipples, scrotum, labia
adolescent and early adults
bland smooth muscle cells in fascicles
68
leiomyosarcoma
```
F>M
skin, deep extremities and retroperitoneum
white masses
malignant spindle cells
smooth muscle actin and desmin
negative for MyoD1 and myogenin
```
69
synovial sarcoma
20-40s
deep and around large joints (mostly knee/thigh)
microcalcifications on xray
70
genetic synovial sarcoma
SYT-SSX1 from t(x;18)
71
biphasic synovial sarcoma
epithelial cells as glands, cords, or nests
| spindle cells-cellular in fascicles
72
monophasic (spindle cell) variant synovial sarcoma
positive for cytokeratins (epithelial marker) and epithelail membrane antigen (EMA)
73
undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
cell pleomorphism and storiform pattern
proximal extremities and retroperitoneum
large grey hemorrhagic and/or necrotic
metastasis 30-50%
74
vimentin
nonepithelial tumors
