soil development in geomorphology Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is soil development in geomorphology?
The process by which soils form and evolve over time due to various environmental factors.
True or False: Soil development is influenced only by climate.
False
Name one factor that affects soil development.
Climate, parent material, topography, organisms, or time.
What is the role of parent material in soil development?
It provides the mineral content and influences soil texture.
Fill in the blank: The process of soil formation is also known as _______.
pedogenesis
Which horizon in soil profiles is known as the topsoil?
The A horizon.
What does the term ‘soil horizon’ refer to?
Layers of soil that differ in color, texture, and composition.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a soil horizon? A) O horizon B) A horizon C) C horizon D) Z horizon
D) Z horizon
True or False: Soil development occurs at the same rate in all environments.
False
What is the significance of climate in soil development?
It affects weathering processes, organic matter decomposition, and vegetation.
Define ‘pedogenic processes.’
Processes that lead to the formation and development of soils.
What is the role of organisms in soil development?
They contribute to organic matter and influence soil structure.
Fill in the blank: _______ is the term for the movement of soil particles due to water, wind, or ice.
Soil erosion
Multiple Choice: Which factor is most likely to accelerate soil development? A) Increased vegetation B) Drought C) Urbanization D) Extreme temperatures
A) Increased vegetation
What is the C horizon in soil profiles?
The layer composed of weathered rock and unconsolidated material.
True or False: Soil development can take thousands of years.
True
What impact does topography have on soil development?
It affects drainage, erosion, and microclimate conditions.
What is the role of soil texture in soil development?
It influences water retention, drainage, and nutrient availability.
Fill in the blank: The _______ horizon is often rich in organic material.
O horizon
What are the primary components of soil?
Minerals, organic matter, water, and air.
Multiple Choice: Which soil type is typically found in humid climates? A) Aridisol B) Mollisol C) Gelisol D) Histosol
B) Mollisol
What is soil leaching?
The process by which nutrients and minerals are washed out of the soil.
True or False: Soil compaction can negatively affect soil development.
True
What is the importance of time in soil development?
It allows for the accumulation of organic matter and the maturation of soil horizons.
