Solids & Liquids

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Solid, Liquid, Gas
-Anything that takes up space and has mass.

Question 2

What are the two condensed states?

Answer 2

Liquid/ Gas

Question 3

Property of matter - Gas

Answer 3

Particle Motion: continuous & random
Order: disordered
Particle Spacing: relatively LARGE
Volume/Shape: takes on volume and shape of container
Compressibility: VERY compressible
Density: LOW
FLUID

Question 4

Property of matter- Liquid

Answer 4

Particle Motion: continuous and random
Order: disordered GROUPS
Particle Spacing: SMALL
Volume/Shape: definite volume, takes on shape of portion of container occupied
Compressibility: NOT very compressible
Density: HIGH
FLUID

Question 5

Property of matter - SOLID

Answer 5

Particle Motion: continuous and random
Order: ordered, repeating structure
Particle Spacing: VERY SMALL
Volume/Shape: definite volume and shape
Compressibility: NOT very compressible
Density: HIGH (typically greater than liquid)

Question 6

Gas to Solid

Answer 6

Sublimation

Question 7

Solid to Liquid

Answer 7

Melting (fusion)

Question 8

Liquid to Gas

Answer 8

Vaporization (vaporization)

Question 9

Gas to Liquid

Answer 9

Condensation

Question 10

Liquid to Solid

Answer 10

Freezing (solidification)

Question 11

Gas to Solid

Answer 11

Deposition

Question 12

Gas to liquid, endo/exo?

Answer 12

exothermic

Question 13

Liquid to Gas, endo/ exo?

Answer 13

endothermic

Question 14

Gas to solid, endo/exo?

Answer 14

exothermic

Question 15

Solid to gas, endo/ exo?

Answer 15

exothermic

Question 16

liquid to solid, endo/ exo?

Answer 16

exothermic

Question 17

Solid to liquid, endo/ exo?

Answer 17

endothermic

Question 18

Release heat…. endo/ exo?

Answer 18

EXOTHERMIC

Question 19

Requires heat… endo/ exo?

Answer 19

ENDOTHERMIC

Question 20

Heat released…. endo/ exo?

Answer 20

exothermic

Question 21

What is a Pressure-temperature (P-T) phase diagram used to determine?

Answer 21

used to determine which state(s) is/are most stable at a given temperature and pressure

Question 22

Only consider phase diagrams of ______ substances in a _______ system.

Answer 22

Only consider phase diagrams of pure substances in a closed system.

Question 23

Phase diagrams consist of:

Answer 23

Regions and Line

Question 24

Range of temperatures and pressure forms a ________.

Answer 24

REGION

Question 25

______ separate phases.

Answer 25

Lines separate phases.

Question 26

A line represents _________ and ________ at which the two phases on either side of the line are in ________ ________.

Answer 26

A line represents temperatures and pressures at which the two phases on either side of the line are in dynamic equilibrium.

Question 27

What is a condition in which two opposing processes simultaneously occur at equal rates?

Answer 27

(Dynamic) Equilibrium

Question 28

The temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium is called the _____________.

Answer 28

Freezing (melting) point (fp)

Question 29

The Solid/Liquid line maps out the ______ point of a substance at different pressures

Answer 29

The Solid/Liquid line maps out the freezing point of a substance at different pressures.

Question 30

The equilibrium pressure of vapor above the surface of a liquid at a specified temperature is called ______ _____ (__).

Answer 30

Vapor Pressure (vp): The equilibrium pressure of vapor above the surface of a liquid at a specified temperature.

Question 31

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the ambient pressure (i.e. the temperature at which the liquid and gas phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium) is called _____ ____ (__).

Answer 31

Boiling Point (bp): The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the ambient pressure (i.e. the temperature at which the liquid and gas phases of a substance coexist in equilibrium).

Question 32

The Liquid/ Gas line maps out the ______ point of a substance at different pressures.

Answer 32

The Liquid/ Gas line maps out the boiling point of a substance at different pressures.

Question 33

If the vapor pressure (torr) of H2O at constant pressure has a boiling point of 100°C with a pressure of 760 torr. What is the boiling point in °C if the VP is 71.9 torr? Refer to graph on PowerPoint Liquid and Solids slide 12.

Answer 33

45°C

Question 34

What are the general properties of common states of matter? (List 6)

Answer 34

Particle Motion Order Particle Spacing Volume/ Shape Compressibility Density