Solids Liquids And Gases Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the equation for pressure? Include units.
Pressure (Pa)= force (N) / area (m^2)
What is pressure measured in?
Pascals (Pa)
What is the equation for density?
Density = mass/volume
(Kg/m^3 = Kg / m^3
What is 1 atmosphere in pascals?
100,000 Pa = 1 atm
What is the equation for pressure difference?
Pressure = height x density x gravitational field strength
p = h x density x gravitational field strength
What causes pressure?
Particles moving randomly and colliding with each other and walls of the container around it. These particle collisions exert a force on the walls of the container causing pressure.
How do you calculate fluid pressure?
Fluid pressure = density x gravitational field strength x depth
Describe the qualities of solids.
- regular particle arrangement
- particles are packed
- fixed shape
- particles are fixed
- not compressible
- not a fluid
Describe the qualities of a liquid?
- irregular bit touching particles in contact but can slide over each other
- takes the shape of the container
- not compressible
- is a fluid
Describe the qualities of a gas.
- partcilces far away from each other
- moving randomly with energy
- fills any volume
- takes the shape of the container
- is compressible
- is a fluid
What is the equation for pressure difference?
Pressure difference = height x density x gravitational field strength
p = h x (funky p) x g
Draw and label the heating curve of water (temperature time graph)
Check it, an example in folder
How do gases exert pressure?
Molecules in a gas move in random direction. They collide with each other and the walls of the container. These collisions exert a force on the walls of the container, causing pressure on said walls of the container.
What is boyles law?
Boyle’s law states that for a fixed mass of gas at a constant temperature, its pressure is inverse proportional to its volume.
What happens to the pressure of a gas when you reduce its volume at a constant temperature?
The pressure increases if we decrease the volume.
A smaller volume means more collisions every second and so more force is exerted on the container. The surface area will also decrease.
What is the equation for Boyle’s law?
P1V1 = P2V2
120 cm^3 of air is at a pressure of 100 000 Pa is trapped in a bicycle pump. The pump is slowly compressed at constant temperature until the volume of air is 80 cm^3. What is the new pressure of air?
P1V1 = P2V2
120 x 100 000 = 80 x P2
P2 = 120 x 100 000 / 80
P2 = 150 000 Pa
How do you convert from kelvin to degrees Celsius?
+ 273
How do you convert from degrees Celsius to kelvin?
-273
What is the name given to 0K?
Absolute zero
What does absolute zero mean in terms of particles?
Where particles are absolutely still, there is no movement.
In gases with a fixed volume, what is the relationship between pressure and Kelvin?
They have a directly proportional relationship. Eg, if the temperature (in K) doubles so does the pressure.
What equation is there for the pressure law involving temperature and gases at a fixed volume?
P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
The pressure in an automobile tire is 1.88 atm at 25 degrees Celsius. What will the pressure be if the temperature during the day went up to 37 degrees Celsius?
P1 = 1.88 atm
T1 = 25 + 273 = 298K
P2 = ?
T2 = 37 + 273 = 310K
P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
1.88 /298 = P2 / 310
P2 = 1.96 (3sf) atm
