Solubility and Acids/Bases Flashcards
Group 1A Elements (L+, Na+, K+, NH4+) and Ammonium (NH4+)
Soluble–No Exceptions
Acetates (C2H3O4) and Nitrates (NO3-)
Soluble–No Exceptions
Chlorides (Cl-), Bromides (Br-), and Iodides (I-)
Soluble…Exceptions Silver (Ag), Mercury (Hg), Lead (PB)
Sulfates (SO4 2-)
Soluble…Exceptions Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), Silver (Ag), Mercury (Hg), Lead (PB)
Carbonates (CO3 2-)
Insoluble…Exceptions Group 1A and Ammonia (NH4+)
Phospates (PO4 3-)
Insoluble…Exceptions Group 1A and Ammonia (NH4+)
Sulfides (S 2-)
Insoluble…Exceptions Group 1A and Ammonia (NH4+)
Hydroxides (OH-)
Insoluble…Exceptions Group 1A, Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), and Barium (Ba)
HC2H3O2
Acetic Acid, (Vinegar)
HC9H7O4
Acetylsalicylic Acid, (Aspirin)
H2C6H6O6
Ascorbic Acid, (Vitamin C)
H3C6H5O7
Citric Acid (Lemon Juice)
HCl
Hydrochloric Acid (Gastric Juice [Digestive])
H2SO4
Sulfuric Acid (Battery Acid)
NH3
base Ammonia (Aq,) (Household Cleaner)
Ca(OH2)
base Calcium Hydroxide (Slaked Lime [mortar])
Mg(OH2)
base Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of magnesia)
NaOH
base Sodium Hydroxide (Drain cleaner, oven cleaner)
What happens when a solute dissolves?
Solvent has to be more attractive than bonds in solute.
Electrolytes
Allows one to conduct electrical current–especially when dissolved in water.
Non-Electrolyte
does not conduct electricity. Pure water.
Molecular compound solutes
Do not dissociate when they dissolve, non-conductive,.
Ion solute
These split. Carry charges. Electrolytes.
Acids as solute
Molecular, yet they ionize when dissolved in water.
