Solutions Flashcards
(27 cards)
Limiting Reagent
Material that gets fully used up
Excess Reagent
Material that is left over
Theoretical yield
what you calculate
amount of product that will result if limiting reagent is fully used up
Actual Yield
What you get
amount of product that actually obtained
% yield
Actual/Theoretical x100
Solution
Homogenous mixture of two or more substances
Solute
substance presented in smaller amounts
Solvent
Substance presented in larger amounts
in salt water what is the solute and what is the solvent
in salt water, salt would be the solute and water would be the solvent
Electrolyte
substance that when dissolved in water, creates a solution that conducts electricity
Non Electrolyte
does not conduct electricity
Strong electrolyte
100% disassociation
weak electrolyte
not completely disassociated
Hydration
an ion that is surrounded by water molecules in a specific manner
ACID
-sour taste
-ph lower than 7
-contains a hydrogen to donate
-react with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas
BASE
-ph higher than 7
-bitter
-cleaning products
-Contains OH-
-accepts a proton
what happens when a acid and a base react
it results in neutralization
Arhenius base and acid
base - produces OH- in water
acid- produces H+ in water
bronsted base and acid
base - proton receiver
acid - proton donor
hydronium ion
hydrated proton
acids like to donate protons
conjugate pairs
pair or chemical species that differ by one proton
conjugate acid
contains a extra proton
conjugate base
lacks a proton
amphiprotic
substances that act as both acid and a base
water is an example
it is amphiprotic if it has a easily removable proton and a negative charge
