Solutions

Question 1

Solution

Answer 1

Homogeneous mixture of solvent and solute

Question 2

Solvent

Answer 2

Substance present in greater amount

Question 3

Many reactions do not occur until…

Answer 3

The solid reactants are dissolved to make a solution

Question 4

Types of solutions

Answer 4

Homogenous, heterogeneous, suspension, colloid, miscible, immiscible, aqueous

Question 5

Colloid

Answer 5

some solvent w solute particles mixed in.

very small particles that aren’t completely dissolved-heterogeneous on a microscopic level. Dispensed.

Question 6

Suspension

Answer 6

Large particles visible to the eye–suspended.

Question 7

Miscible

Answer 7

Liquids that mix

Question 8

Immiscible

Answer 8

Two liquids that don’t

Question 9

Electrolytes

Answer 9

Electrically conductive

Question 10

Aqueous solution

Answer 10

Water is the solvent

Question 11

Tyndall effect

Answer 11

Floating particles scatter light

Question 12

Electrolytes allow the solution to….

Answer 12

Conduct electricity

Question 13

Types of colloid

Answer 13

Aerosol, foam, emulsion, sol, solid foam, solid emulsion, solid sol

Question 14

Aerosol

Answer 14

Gas + liquid or solid

Question 15

Concentration

Answer 15

Number of solute particles in given amount of solvent

Question 16

Foam

Answer 16

Liquid plus gas

Question 17

Emulsion

Answer 17

Liquid + liquid

Question 18

Sol

Answer 18

Liquid plus solid

Question 19

Solid foam

Answer 19

Solid plus gas

Question 20

Solid emulsion

Answer 20

Solid plus liquid

Question 21

Solid sol

Answer 21

Solid + solid

Question 22

Concentrated

Answer 22

Lot of solute/less solvent

Question 23

Dilute

Answer 23

Less solute/more solvent

Question 24

Concentration units

Answer 24

Molarity and molality

Question 25

Molarity

Answer 25

M = moles solute/Liters of solution = mol/L | Depends on temperature Bc liquid volumes change w temp

Question 26

Molality

Answer 26

m=moles solute/kilograms solvent = mol/kg | Independent of temp Bc mass doesn't change with temp

Question 27

Solve molarity problems

Answer 27

Convert Mass solute to Moles Solute, then set the Molarity | Formula above

Question 28

Dilution formula

Answer 28

Mol1V1 = Mol2V2 | Mol always stays the same

Question 29

Types of electrolytes

Answer 29

salts and acids

Question 30

Saturation

Answer 30

how concentrated a solution is

Question 31

saturated

Answer 31

equilibrium solution in which max amount of solute dissolved in given solvent

Question 32

unsaturated

Answer 32

less than max, can still add

Question 33

supersaturated

Answer 33

greater than max (possible thru heat) unstable, reverts if disturbed

Question 34

homogeneous v heterogeneous: suspension, colloid, solution

Answer 34

solution is homogeneous, others are heterogeneous

Question 35

particle sizes: suspension, colloid, solution

Answer 35

suspension is over 1000 nm, solution is .01-1nm, colloid is 1-1000 nm

Question 36

Tyndall effect: suspension, colloid, solution

Answer 36

Suspension not transparent but can Tyndall effect, colloid yes, solution no

Question 37

Separation by filtration: suspension, colloid, solution

Answer 37

suspension yes, others no

Question 38

Separation on standing: suspension, colloid, solution

Answer 38

suspension yes, others no

Question 39

Categories of particle: suspension, colloid, solution

Answer 39

suspensions and colloids can be aggregates or large molecules; solutions can be can be atoms, ions, molecules.

Question 40

Dilution formula

Answer 40

M1V1=M2V2

Question 41

What do nonpolar liquids dissolve in? Why?

Answer 41

Only other nonpolar liquids--like dissolves like

Question 42

What do polar liquids dissolve in? Why?

Answer 42

Only other polar liquids--like dissolves like

Question 43

Like dissolves like basis

Answer 43

Polar molecules have strong forces and non-polar molecules don't so they don't dissolve in each other

Question 44

What do polar substances dissolve?

Answer 44

other polar substances or IONS

Question 45

When does pressure have a strong effect on solubility?

Answer 45

Strong effect only for gases dissolved in liquids

Question 46

How are pressure and solubility related for gases and liquids?

Answer 46

Increase in pressure of the gas above the solution increases solubility of gas IN solution

Question 47

Henry's Law

Answer 47

C=kP relates pressure to solubility

Question 48

When does temp decrease solubility

Answer 48

gas in liquid

Question 49

When does temp mostly increase solubility?

Answer 49

Most solid solutes

Question 50

Factors affecting rate of dissolution

Answer 50

Higher temp speeds it up. Stirring. Smaller molecules/larger surface area of solute.