Solutions and their Properties

Question 1

What type of mixture is a solution

Answer 1

A homogeneous mixture

Question 2

Homogeneous

Answer 2

No noticeable difference in a mixture.

Question 3

Concentration

Answer 3

The amount of solutes dissolved in a given quantity of solvent

Question 4

Intermolecular force

Answer 4

Forces of attraction or repulsion between molecules or atoms.

Question 5

Miscible liquids

Answer 5

Completely soluble in each other

Question 6

Hess’ Law

Answer 6

Endothermic reactions + exothermic reactions = overall reaction

Question 7

When is enthalpy positive

Answer 7

Solute - solute mixtures

Solvent - solvent mixtures

Question 8

When is enthalpy negative

Answer 8

Solute - solvent mixtures

Question 9

Exothermic reaction

Answer 9

Energy released; temperature increase

Question 10

Endothermic reaction

Answer 10

Energy used; temperature decreased

Question 11

Molarity

Answer 11

moles of solute/ liters of solution

Question 12

Mole fraction

Answer 12

moles of a component/ sum of moles in all components

Question 13

Percent by mass *100%

Answer 13

mass of solute/ mass of solution

Question 14

Molality

Answer 14

moles of solute/ mass of solvent (kg)

Question 15

Solubility

Answer 15

Amount of solutes dissolved in a given volume of solution

Question 16

Solubility and temperature

Answer 16

Temperature decease as solubility increase

Question 17

Solubility and pressure

Answer 17

Pressure increase when solubility increase

Question 18

Henry’s law

Answer 18

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the pressure of the gas over the solution

Question 19

Henry’s law equation

Answer 19

molar concentration = constant * pressure

c=kP

Question 20

Raoult’s law

Answer 20

When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a liquid, the vapor pressure exerted by the liquid decreases.

Question 21

Vapor pressure of solution is ________ than the pure liquid

Answer 21

lower

Question 22

Entropy

Answer 22

The amount of order or disorder in a thermodynamic system

Question 23

van’t Hoff factor

Answer 23

moles of solution/ moles of solutes dissolved

Question 24

Boiling point

Answer 24

The temperature of vapor pressure equals external atmospheric pressure.

Question 25

Solvent in a solution has a ______ entropy

Answer 25

higher

Question 26

Boiling/Freezing point molality

Answer 26

change in temperature/ bp (fp) elevation constant

Question 27

Osmotic pressure

Answer 27

The amount of pressure needed to cause osmosis to stop The amount of pressure necessary to achieve equilibrium.

Question 28

Osmotic pressure equation

Answer 28

o.p. = molarity * gas constant * temperature

Question 29

Hydration

Answer 29

The energy released when 1 mole of ion undergoes hydration | - water is added