Some Physiology

Question 1

In which part of the adrenal gland is the mineralocorticoid produced?

Answer 1

Zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids (e.g aldosterone). These are responsible for controlling sodium and potassium balance

Question 2

In which part of the adrenal gland is Catecholamines produced?

Answer 2

Adrenal medulla produces adrenaline and noradrenaline.

Question 3

Where is in the adrenal cortex is androgens produced?

Answer 3

Zona reticularis produces androgens which are sex hormones which have weak effects until they are converted peripherally to testosterone and dihydrotestosterone.

Question 4

Where is in the adrenal cortex is Glucocorticoids produced?

Answer 4

Zona fasciculata produces glucocorticoids (e.g. cortisol). These affect carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism.

Question 5

What are Macula densa cells?

Answer 5

A collection of epithelial cells in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney.
They detect sodium concentration which, if elevated, will trigger contraction of the afferent arteriole and therefore reduce blood flow to the glomerulus in an attempt to normalise normal levels of sodium loss