Soul, mind and body

Question 1

Plato’s dualism

Answer 1

The soul and body are seperate, soul existed before body in world of forms gaining knowledge - socrates slave boy example
body is a prison for the soul
tripartite theory

Question 2

Aristotle

Answer 2

soul and body are inseperable, soul is the formal cause of something, e.g axe is to cut
soul is ceased when we die as it does not exist seperately from body

Question 3

Descartes substance dualism

Answer 3

mind and body are seperate, mind is immortal and non-physical
‘i think therefore i am ‘
physical body is bound to mechanical laws
mind and body interact through the pineal gland

Question 4

Gilbert Ryle’s criticims

Answer 4

dualism is ‘ghost in the machine’
descartes makes a category mistake with the mind being a non-physical thing when it might not be a ‘thing’ at all
our mind is a set of behavioral dispositions

Question 5

Dawkins

Answer 5

we are ‘survival machines’ programmed by DNA
immaterial soul does not exist
thoughts and emotions do exist but are just products of the physical brain

Question 6

B.F Skinner

Behaviorist

Answer 6

all behaviors and emotions are just brain functions
mental acts are caused acts, explicable at a physical level

Question 7

dualism

Answer 7

we have two elements - body and soul

Question 8

Monism

Answer 8

We are one substance not two

Question 9

Materialism

Answer 9

The only substance is a material one

Question 10

Subtance dualism

Answer 10

that two elements (mind and body) are wholly different substances

Question 11

Aquinas

Question 12

Dennett criticism of skinner

Answer 12

skinner over-simplifies human conscioussness as all behavior cannot be refined to a singular desire

Question 13

John Hick

Answer 13

body is material but that is not all that is is
body has a spiritual dimension

Question 14

Aristotle

Answer 14

Aristotle’s view of the soul as the form of the
body; the way the body behaves and lives;
something which cannot be separated from
the body