south america Flashcards
(198 cards)
1
Q
To be labeled “VIGNO”, wines must contain what % of what grape?
A
min 85% Carignan
2
Q
When does the Chilean wine industry modernize?
A
1979 (Miguel Torres)
3
Q
Where is Rio Grande do Sul?
A
S part of Brazil (borders Argentina & Urugay)
4
Q
Who is the only producer to use San Rafael DOC on label?
A
Valentin Bianchi
5
Q
Where are the DO zones of Lleyda Valley & Lo Abarca?
A
San Antonio DO (within Aconcagua DO)
6
Q
What cools Casablanca?
A
Humboldt Current (via gap in Coastal Range)
7
Q
What is the #1-planted white grape of Chile?
A
Chardonnay
8
Q
Caro is a project between what 2 wineries?
A
Lafite and Catena Zapata
9
Q
3 examples of intl investment in Argentina
A
CARO (Catena Zapata + Lafit Roth), Moet & Chandon, LVMH (Cheval des Andes), Paul Hobbs (Vina Cobos), Michel Rolland (San Pedro de Yacochuya, Clos de los Siete), B Weinert, Donald Hess “Colomé”
10
Q
Top quality Chardonnay of Mendoza comes from where?
A
Tupungato IG
11
Q
What grape / s is / are not permitted on a bottle of Chilean DO wine?
A
Pais; any non-Vitis Vinifera grape
12
Q
Where is the Famatina Valley & what is the signature grape?
A
La Rioja; Torrontes Riojano
13
Q
Climate of Montevideo
A
(capitol of Uruguay) humid subtropical w/ Atlantic influence
14
Q
Aristos is a collaboration between who?
A
C Liger Belair & Pedro Parra
15
Q
1st IG to gain appellation status based on soil in Argentina
A
Altamira IG
16
Q
Name the sub-regions of Primera Zona of Mendoza (previously “Central Mendoza”)
A
Lujan de Cuyo IG, Maipù IG, Godoy Cruz GI
17
Q
Malleco DO lies within what region?
A
Sur DO
18
Q
Argentina’s S-most IG
A
Trevelin IG (w/i Chubut)
19
Q
Name 2 producers in Vista Flores IG
A
(Tunuyan) Clos de los Siete, Gran Lurton (Piedra Negre), Fleches de los Andes
20
Q
What is the blend of Cheval des Andes?
A
MBC + CS (sometimes a touch of PV); 2015: 60 / 40 MBC / CS
21
Q
Name the winemaking regions of Argentina north to south
A
North Region, Cuyo IG, Center Region, Patagonia IG
22
Q
Top bottling of Errazuriz
A
Don Maximiniano “Founder’s Reserve”
23
Q
What IGs make up the Valles Calchaqí IG?
A
Salta, Catamarca & Tucuman
24
Q
Name 2 newly-approved DOs of Chile as of 2018
A
a) Lo Abarca (Zone) in San Antonio b) Apalta (A) DO c) Los Lingues (A) DO
25
Name 3 requirements to label a wine as "VIGNO"
1) min 30 y.o. vines; 2) min 85% Carignan; 3) min 2 yrs aging; 4) Dry-farmed 5) Head Trained
26
Where does Miguel Torres have his Chilean winery?
Curico DO (Sub-Region); ***Manso del Velasco vineyard
27
Where in Chile will you find old vine Cinsault?
Itata
28
What was SB confused for in Chile?
Sauvignon Blanc; Sauvignonasse / Sauvignon Vert / Friulano
29
Name the sub-regions of "Sur"
Itata, Biobio, Malleco
30
Which producer is attributed with putting Torrontes on the market?
B Etchart
31
When is Chilean's wine law passed? Argentina's?
Chile: 1985 (1st DOs in 1995); Argentina: 1999 (1st DOC in 1993)
32
Where is Las Compuertas located?
Lujan de Cuyo
33
Paraje Altamira IG is a subzone of what other sub-GI?
La Consulta IG (San Carlos IG in Uco V)
34
Who introduces Malbec to Argentina? In what decade?
a) Michel Aimée Poujet b) 1850s
35
Argentina WL requires minimum ___% stated grape.
0.8
36
What is the southern-most wine region in Chile?
Austral DO (Osorno Valley Sub-Region DO)
37
Mendoza Soil
Alluvial soils called Franco ***Alluvial Sand over Clay
38
What is the 2nd-most planted red grape of Chile?
MRT (CS #1)
39
B Fin del Mundo & Schroeder are located in what wine region?
Neuquen IG
40
Where are the Copiapo & Huasco Valleys?
Atacama
41
What is Cabernet Gernischt a synonym of?
Carmenere
42
The 2 pioneers (producers) of single-vineyard wines from Mendoza
Achaval Ferrer & Alta Vista (followed by Catena Zapata, Trapiche, Zuccardi)
43
What DOs make up the Secano Interior?
Chile; rain-fed areas of Chile (where dry-farming is possible) - Curico, Maule, Itata, Biobio
44
In what year is Merlot officially identified to be Carmenere?
1994
45
Tabali calls what region home?
Limari DO (Coquimbo)
46
Name the 2 tiers of Brazilian wine law
DO & IP (IGP)
47
Sub-regions of Sur
Itata, BioBio, Malleco
48
What is Harriague?
Name for Tannat in Uruguay
49
What major river runs through the Uco Valley?
Tunuyan River
50
What is the southern-most vineyard in the world? What region is it located? Who is the producer?
Sarmiento (Chubut, Patagonia); Otronia; **sits at 45.5*S
51
What is the name of Paul Hobb's winery in Argentina? Top bottling?
V Cobos "Bramare"
52
2 affects that the Humboldt Current has on Chile
a) lower DTS a/l coast (> mild temps) b) < rainfall a/l coast (except for El Nino years - > RF in summer)
53
1st vintage in which a Chilean DO appears on a bottle of wine; Argentina's 1st DOC and when?
1995 (1985 wine law passed, 1994 enacted, 1995 taken into effect); Lujan de Cuyo (1993)
54
Name 2 highly-regarded DOs for the production of Carmenere in Chile
Peumo DO, Apalta DO
55
Name the subzones of San Antonio DO
Lleyda (Z) DO & Lo Abarca (A) DO + (unoff) Rosario
56
V Falernia & V de Alcohuaz are 2 producers in what sub-regional DO of Chile?
Elqui Valley DO ***high elevation Syrah
57
Name 2 Burgundy producers who have invested in Chile
William Fèvre & C Liger-Belair
58
3 unofficial areas of Maipo
Alto Maipo, Medio Maipo, Maipo Costa ***but no Costa DOs in Maipo
59
Where are the Cautín & Osorno Valley DOs?
Austral
60
What was the first area of Argentina 1st cultivated by Spaniards?
La Rioja
61
Where is Córdoba IG?
Center Region (Argentina)
62
Name the IG of Northern Region that is not a province but instead incorporates other provinces
Calchaqui Valley IG
63
What styles are permitted under Vale does Vinhedos DO? Grapes?
W, R & TM (sparkling); a) W: Chardonnay ( + Riesling Italico), b) R: (varietal) MRT (or 60% MRT + CS / CF / Tannat)
64
Name 3 IGs in Lujan de Cuyo DOC
Agrelo, Las Compuertas, Perdriel
65
Name 2 grapes permitted under the Secano Interior DO? Name 2 sub-regions that fall within the DO's boundaries
Pais, Cinsault (only); Curico, Maule, Itata, Biobio
66
If a blend, Argentina WL requires minimum ___% for any listed varietal.
0.2
67
What are the 3 wine-producing Departments of Mendoza' Primera Zona
Lujan de Cuyo DOC, Maipù IG, Godoy Cruz IG
68
What is the highest vineyard in the world? Where is it located?
Moya Vineyard (3,329 meters / 10,922ft); Juyjuy IG (Northern Region)
69
Where is Gualtallary?
Unofficial sub zone of Tupungato IG (located within Uco Valley IG, Mendoza)
70
Highest & northern-most region of Argentina
Juyjuy IG (borders Bolivia)
71
Reserve and Gran Reserva Requirements (Argentina)
ReservaW: 6 mo. agingR: 12 mo. agingGran ReservaW: 12 mo. agingR: 24 mo. aging ***only permitted for premium grape varietials (no pink)
72
Most recent earthquake vintage of Chile
2010
73
The Camanchaca Fog is a feature of what Chilean sub-region?
Limari DO
74
Nauhelbuta Mtns are a feature of what Chilean sub-region?
BioBio (part of Coastal Range - blocks Maritime influence)
75
Top grape of Limari DO
Chardonnay
76
Miolo is a producer in what country?
Brazil
77
What are the regions of the Zona Centrale?
Aconcagua DO & Valle Centrale DO
78
Name 2 producers in Apalta IG
Casa Lapostolle, Montes
79
Who is responsible for setting up a repository of Vitis Vinifera vines in Chile in the 1830s?
Claude Gay
80
What separates Uruguay from Argentina?
Rio de la Plata
81
Soil of Salta
Alluvial sand (same as Mendoza)
82
Atuel & Diamante rivers of part of what region?
Southern Mendoza
83
What are the 2 tiers of Uruguay's wine law system?
VCP (vino calidad preferente) & VC (vino commune/table wine)
84
Argentina's #1-grown white grape
Pedro Giminez
85
50% of Chile's production comes from what sub-region / sub-region with #1 HAUV
Maule ***vs Rapel is most planted
86
What river forms the Uco Valley?
Tunuyan R
87
Where is the Planalto Catarinese wine region?
Brazil (Santa Catarina, N of Rio Grande do Sul); ***highest / coldest Brazil wine region
88
Name 2 examples of international investment in Uruguay
Paul Hobbs (Familia Deicas) & Bodegas Garzon (Argentina)
89
3 Torrontes grapes; which is the highest quality?
Torrontes Riojano (MoA x Criolla Chica)Torrontes Sanjuanino (MoA x Criolla Chica)Torrontes Mendocino (MoA x ?) ***all 3 may be labeled as "Torrontes" but they are distinct varieties
90
Salta sub-regions; which is the highest & northern-most? Which produces the most volume?
Cachi, Cafayate, Molinos, San Carlos; Cachi: highest / N-most; Cafayate: #1-producing
91
What is MOVI? Name 2 members
"El Movimiento de Viñateros Independientes"; Association of producers with emphasis on making wine on a small scale / attention to day-to-day winemaking; Garage Wine Co., Kingston Family, Villard
92
During what 3 months does "vendimia" occur in the Southern Hemisphere?
Feb-April
93
Name 2 producers of Cafayate IG
San Pedro de Yacochuya (Etchard / Rolland) & B Etchart
94
Where is the Adrianna Vineyard?
Tupungato (Gualtallary)
95
3 international investments in Chile in the 1980s/90s
Los Vascos (1988), Casa Lapostolle, Sena, Almaviva
96
Name 2 factors that hindered the Chilean wine industry early 1900s
Temperence Movement, Economic Depression, World War
97
Name 3 premium Carmenere bottlings
Purple Angel (Montes); Carmin de Peumo (CyT), Kai (Errazuriz), Santa Carolina "Herencia"; Casa Lapostolle (Lapostolle)
98
What 2 producers are located in Mainqué?
B Chacra & B Noemia (town in Rio Negro IG)
99
Soil of Uco Valley
Alluvial (Franco) + patchs of LS
100
Highest elevation of Chile are in what region?
Atacama
101
Climate of Casablanca
Cool MEDITERRANEAN
102
Who produces BenMarco, Signature and Nosotros?
Susana Balbo's Dominio del Plata
103
What is Singani?
Bolivian brandy (M of Alex)
104
Bodega Garzon is a producer in what country?
Uruguay ("Balasto" is top wine)
105
Top area for international investment in Mendoza
Vista Flores IG (Tunuyan)
106
Region, grape & producer of "Manso de Velasco"
Curico, Miguel Torres, Cab Sauv (OV!)
107
Pasquale Toso calls what IG home?
Maipù IG
108
What is the grape of Singani?
Muscat of Alexandria
109
If a grape is listed on a bottle of Argentinian wine, what % of grapes must make up the wine?
80% (min 20% of any listed grape)
110
2 major viti hazards of Casablanca DO
Frost & nematodes
111
What region of Brazil experiences 2 harvests/year? Why?
Sao Francisco Valley; no dormancy b/c tropical climate
112
What is the 2nd-most grape of Chile?
Sauvignon Blanc (CS #1, SB #2, MRT #3, Carmenere #4, Pais #5)
113
Closest wine-growing region to the equator
Vale do Sao Francisco (9*S)
114
Brazil's top WG state
Rio Grande do Sul
115
Who is the 1st producer in Argentina to barrel-ferment?
San Pedro de Yacochuya in 1988 - makes sense b/c Michel Rolland project
116
Brazil Climate
Subtropical
117
Trevelin IG is part of what region?
Patagonia (w/i Chubut)
118
Lleyda & Lo Abarca are DOs in what sub-region?
San Antonio Valley
119
What is the #1-planted grape of Brazil?
Isabel (Isabella)
120
Name 3 producers in the Puento Alto DO
Don Melchio (Concha y Toro), Almaviva, Vinedo Chadwick
121
What is the grape of Lleyda DO?
Sauv Blanc (b/c it's in San Antonio)
122
Largest country in SA
Brazil
123
What is the 2nd-most planted red grape of Argentina?
Bonarda
124
Grapes of Brazil
BDX/Intl + Iberian Grapes (Touriga Nacional & Aragonz) + Hybrids
125
Where is the Peumo DO?
Cachapoal (Zonal) DO of Rapel
126
Name 2 reasons why phylloxera is not an issue in Argentina
a) flood irrigation was so common b) sandy soils
127
Name 2 producers of VIGNO
Garage Wine Co, Miguel Torres
128
What is Antinori's Chilean winery?
Haras de Pirque
129
If an IG is listed on a bottle of Argentinian wine, what % of grapes must come from stated IG?
1
130
After the 1939 earthquake, Carmenere was planted in ___ DO, whereas ___ was planted in ___ DO.
Carmenere (Maule DO) & Cinsault (Itata DO)
131
Where is Almaviva located? What is the blend?
Puento Alto DO (Maipo); CS + ~22% Carmenere
132
What is pergola trellising called in Chile? Argentina?
Chile: Parron; Argentina: Parral
133
In what Chilean DO will you find old vine Moscatel?
Itata DO <3
134
What is Chicha?
"Corn beer" (fermented corn beverage) ***in Chile it is made from grapes
135
Where is Cauquenes?
Area DO in Maule; home to Clos des Fous
136
1st French investory in Chile; when?
Los Vascos; 1988
137
Where is Maipù IG located?
Primera Zona, Mendoza
138
Unique soil of Maldonado (OR where is Maldonado)?
Ballast (granite) ***name of B Garzon's top cuvée
139
Compare the size of Rio Grande do Sul to NZ
(Brazil) Rio Grande do Sul is bigger than NZ!
140
Where is Rosario?
Unofficial winegrowing area in San Antonio
141
Name the grape, region & producer of "Ocio"
Cono Sur; PN, Casablanca DO
142
What is the highest elevation wine-producing country in the world?
Bolivia
143
Highest peak in South America
Mt Aconcagua (in Argentina NW of Mendoza)
144
In what century does Chile gain independence?
19th ce (1818)
145
2 reasons for low quality wines in Chile in the 1900s
a) vines planted on own rootstock so excessive yields possible b) excessive irrigation c) Pergola training (vs wires)
146
Most-planted grape of Maule
Cab Sauv!
147
90% of San Juan's production is produced in what IG? Signature grape?
Tulum IG; Syrah
148
Name the country & top bottling of Von Siebenthal
Chile (Aconcagua Valley DO); "Tatay de Cristoabl"
149
Climate of Uruguay
Maritime
150
Best 2 Chilean vintages of the last 10 years; best 2 Argentinian vintages of last 10 years?
Chile: 2018; Argentina: 2019 & 2018
151
Where is the Cafayate IG?
Salta IG (Northern Region)
152
Avg elevation in Argentina
900m
153
Top 2 quality W & R grape of Serra Gaucha
W: CH & R: MRT
154
Name the IGs of Patagonia N to S
Neuquen IG, Rio Negro IG, Trevelin IG (Chubut); La Pampa (unofficial) in EAST
155
Major moderating feature of Uruguay
Atlantic O (Malvinas Current)
156
In what century does Spain put a planting ban on South American colonies?
1600s
157
Name 3 wine regions of Uruguay; which one dominates production?
Canelones, Maldonado, Montevideo, San José, Colonia
158
Brazil's 1st official appellation
Vale dos Vinhedos (Serra Gaucha)
159
Cono Sur, Casa Marín & Matetic call what region home?
San Antonio DO
160
1st to import oak barrels into Chile
Miguel Torres
161
The "Tarija" wine region is located in what country?
Bolivia ***90% production
162
What IGs of Argentina make up the Calchaquí Valley?
(parts of Salta) + Catamarca & Tucuman
163
What are the 2 district IGs of Tunuyan?
Vista Flores IG, San Pablo IG
164
Top grape of Uruguay
Tannat (aka Harriague)
165
What wine style dominates production in Brazil?
Mostly red + 25% sparkling
166
Name 2 producers who label under Lujan de Cuyo DOC
B Norton & Luigi Bosca
167
Who produces "Finca Altamira" & "Quimera"?
Achaval Ferrer
168
Top 2 grapes of Elqui
Syrah & Sauv Blanc
169
Who is the father of Chilean wine?
Silvestre Ochagavia
170
Change /s to Chilean wine law in 2012
Costa / EC / Andes added ***+ Atacama & Austral added
171
Most-planted grape of Catamarca IG
Cereza
172
Las Barrancas IG & Lunlunta IG are in what district IG?
Maipù IG
173
What sub-region has no Costa DOs?
Maipo
174
What is Grande Vidure a synonym of?
Carmenere
175
What current affects the vineyards of Uruguay?
Malvinas Current (Atlantic O current)
176
Oldest vines in Mendoza would be found in what IG?
San Carlos IG
177
Up and coming grape of San Juan IG; top sub-region?
Syrah ("Shiraz"); Tulum IG
178
Who producers "Sol de Sol"? From what DO?
Vina Acquitania (Paul Pontallier / Cos) in Malleco
179
1st IG of Argentina to gain status based on soil / climate; what is the defining feature?
Paraje Altamira IG (San Carlos); alluvial fan of Tunuyan R w/ stony calcareous soils
180
Argentina ranks # ___ in the world for production.
#5
181
In what country will you find the "Bento Goncalves" region?
Brazil's center for sparkling wine production
182
Who producesthe wines "Treinta y Dos" & "Barda"?
Bodega Chacra
183
"La Fronteira" is a reference to what Brazilian wine region?
Campanha
184
What region of Brazil produces 90% of the country's wine?
Serra Gaucha (Rio Grande do Sul)
185
Name 2 wine-producing appellations in Rio Grande do Sul
Campanha, Serra do Sudeste, Serra Gaucha, Sao Joaquim
186
Malleco Pioneer
Vina Aquitania "Sol del Sol" (CH)
187
While elevation is the major geographic feature of the northern half of Argentina, what is the major GF of Patagonia?
Latitude! (Patagonia = lower elevation)
188
Worst 2 Chilean vintages of the last 10 years; worst 2 Argentinian vintages of last 10 years?
Chile: 2017 (fires) & 2016 (El Nino); Argentina: 2016 (El Nino) & 2015 (ROT)
189
What intl Champagne house produces wine in Brazil?
Moet & Chandon; Chandon "Exchellence"
190
Describe the 2018 vintage in Chile; Argentina?
Chile: Excellet; Argentina: Excellent
191
What are the soils of Puento Alto DO? Where is it located?
Gravel; Maipo Valley DO (within the Valle Central DO)
192
Where is Vistalba?
Lujan de Cuyo (unofficial) sub-region
193
What IG of Mendoza is home to the highest-eleveation vineyards?
(Tupungato iG) Gualtallary!
194
Minimum % abv for Chilean DO wines
0.115
195
Where is the Nicasia Vineyard?
La Consulta IG
196
GF of Rio Grande do Sul
Elevation = MF
197
Where are the Fiambala & Tinogasta valleys?
Catamarca IG
198
The Tinguiririca River is a feature of what sub-regional DO of Chile?
Rapel
