SOUTH AMERICA WHS

Question 1

1. AMIENS CATHEDRAL, French Guina

Answer 1

-13TH Century Amiens Cathedral
-Located in the Hauts- de France
region
-One of the largest ‘classic’
Gothic churches of the 13th
century

Question 2

1. AMIENS CATHEDRAL
   Why are they considered to be world
   heritage?

Answer 2

• the largest of the three great Gothic cathedrals built in France during the 13th century
• It has an exterior length of 476 feet (145 metres)—23 feet (7 metres)

Question 3

1. AMIENS CATHEDRAL

What are the issues they are facing?

Answer 3

• A fire totally destroyed the Romanesque cathedral of Amiens in 1218
• Original builders placed the buttresses too high,

Question 4

2. CHAMPAGNE HILLSIDES HOUSES

AND CELLARS, French Guina

Answer 4

• The property is made up of three distinct ensembles

- Located In north-east France

Question 5

CHAMPAGNE HILLSIDES HOUSES
AND CELLARS
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?

Answer 5

-The world’s most famous sparkling wines are produced

• The places sparkling wine was developed using a second fermentation method in the bottle from the beginning of the 17th century until its early industrialization in the 19th
  century. ”

Question 6

CHAMPAGNE HILLSIDES HOUSES
AND CELLARS
What are the issues they are facing?

Answer 6

-Management systems/ management plan
-Renewable energy facilities
-Lack of measures to protect or to restore the
biodiversity of the landscape

Question 7

3. FORT ZEELANDIA, Guyana

Answer 7

• built the beginning of the 18th century

- is located on Fort Island,

Question 8

FORT ZEELANDIA, Guyana
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?

Answer 8

• They were both constructed in 1743

- Among the oldest structures in Guyana

Question 9

FORT ZEELANDIA, Guyana

What are the issues they are facing?

Answer 9

-Nova Zeelandia removed from fort island

Question 10

SHELL BEACH, Guyana
Why are they considered to be world
heritage?

Answer 10

• it protects the nesting place of marine turtles.

- one of the richest in Guyana.

Question 11

SHELL BEACH, Guyana

What are the issues they are facing?

Answer 11

flash pictures, bright flashlights, loud noises, and even

light-colored clothing should be avoided

Question 12

5. MACHU PICCHU, Peru

Answer 12

• A 15th century Inca citadel
• Located northwest of Cuso, Peru
• a well preserved remnants of the Inca civilization

Question 13

Why Machu Picchu considered as a world

heritage site

Answer 13

It is one of the most significant ecological sites in the
world. Home to multiple endemic species it was also
where Charles Darwin originally got his ideas which
lead to the theory of evolution. It was designated as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978

Question 14

Why Historic Center of Lima considered as a

world heritage site

Answer 14

In 1988, UNESCO declared the Historic Center
of Lima a World Heritage Site for its
originality and high concentration of historic
monuments constructed in time of Spanish
presence

Question 15

Why Galapagos Islands a Heritage Site

Answer 15

It is one of the most significant ecological sites in the
world. Home to multiple endemic species it was also
where Charles Darwin originally got his ideas which
lead to the theory of evolution. It was designated as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978

Question 16

ISSUES of Galapagos Islands

Answer 16

1. Human Threats
2. Invasive species taking over
3. Overfishing

Question 17

HOW TO OVERCOME THESE ISSUES

Answer 17

1. Galapagos Marine Conservation
2. Prevention of New Invasive Species
3. Responsible Fishing

Question 18

ARGENTINA

Answer 18

• eighth largest country in the world
  -second largest country in South America after Brazil
  -Argentina is bordered by the Andes Mountains
  and Chile to the west

Question 19

9. Cueva De Las Manos, Rio

Pinturas

Answer 19

• translates to “Cave of Hands”.
  -The caves are known for the paintings of hands
  that were discovered at the caves, of which
  experts dated to about 13,000 to 9,000 years
  ago.

Question 20

Cueva De Las Manos

Issues

Answer 20

No Restoration of the destination – The tourism sector of Argentina
must request a permission to UNESCO to restore the destination
itself.

Question 21

10. Los Glaciares National Park, Santa Cruz, Argentina

Answer 21

• Established in 1937,
  -declaration in 1981 of the park as a UNESCO site
  -federally protected area spanning a
  total of 726,927 hectares
  -largest national park in Argentina.

Question 22

Why Los Glaciares National Park a

Heritage Site

Answer 22

• exhibits the unique co-existence of the west Patagonian steppe biodiversity and the Magellanic subpolar forest.
• park was named after the giant ice cap in the Andes, which is the largest outside of Greenland and Antarctica.

Question 23

Los Glaciares National Park Issues

Answer 23

• Forest Fire- Obey local laws regarding open fires, including
  campfires.

Question 24

Venezuela,

Answer 24

roughly triangular area
that is larger than the combined areas
of France and Germany.

Question 25

11. The Port And City Of Coro | Why it is a World Heritage Site

Answer 25

``` -inscribed and listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. -the first capital of the nation and the first Bishopric of Continental America. - ```

Question 26

The Port And City Of Coro: ISSUES

Answer 26

Lack of Urban Control – As a historic site, The tourism government of Venezuela must provide a law that can limit the urban in the area.

Question 27

12. Canaima National Park | Why it is a World Heritage Site

Answer 27

-declared a World Heritage Site in 1994 by UNESCO. -7,413,161 million acres, the park is about the size of Belgium. -home to several indigenous Indian communities. -home to numerous avian, mammal and amphibian species.

Question 28

Canaima National Park: ISSUES

Answer 28

-Increasing population of the | Pemon Indians in the park.

Question 29

Canaima National Park : overcoming issues

Answer 29

The Society of the Pemon Indians and government of Venezuela must provide a law limiting the increasing of Pemon population & and a law for an area to stay for the indigenous Pemon Indians.

Question 30

13. Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento 1995, URUGUAY

Answer 30

-bears remarkable testimony in its layout and its buildings to the nature and objectives of European colonial settlement, in particular during the seminal period at the end of the 17th century. -integrity -authenticity

Question 31

Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento 1995: ISSUES

Answer 31

-Inappropriate architectural and urban design for a marina and hotel-casino in a building block at the old harbour; -Lack of a comprehensive participatory Management Plan for the Historic Quarter.

Question 32

Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento 1995: OVERCOMING ISSUES

Answer 32

-COMMISSION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE FOR THE NATION (CPCN) -WORLD HERITAGE CENTRE AND THE ADVISORY BODIES IN 2014

Question 33

14. Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape 2015

Answer 33

-A German chemist, Justus von Liebig, moved to Uruguay in the 19th century and founded the meat processing plant called Liebig’s Extract Meat Company. -In 2015, UNESCO listed it as a world heritage site to honor its history. -includes all elements related to the history of the site and the period of its operation and is of adequate size to ensure the complete representation of the features and processes which convey the property’s significance. -property is authentic in terms of location and setting, materials and substance and use/function in terms of the buildings

Question 34

Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape 2015: ISSUES

Answer 34

-Insufficient legislative protection of the entire buffer zone -Incomplete Management Plan -Need to complete the arrangements for representation of the local communities on the Management Committee

Question 35

Fray Bentos Industrial Landscape 2015: OVERCOMING ISSUES

Answer 35

- LE G ISLATI V E P R O TECTI O N O F THE ENTI R E BUFFE R Z O NE - REPRESENTATIONON THE MANAG EMENT COMMITTEE: - COMPLETION OF THE MANAG EMENT PLAN

Question 36

Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile | Why it's a world heritage site

Answer 36

-Churches of Chiloé represent a unique example in Latin America of an outstanding form of ecclesiastical wooden architecture. -They represent a tradition initiated by the Jesuit Peripatetic Mission in the 17th and 18th -These churches embody the intangible richness of the Chiloé Archipelago, - Criterion (ii): The Churches of Chiloé are outstanding examples of the successful fusion of European and indigenous cultural traditions to produce a unique form of wooden architecture. - Criterion (iii): The mestizo culture resulting from Jesuit missionary activities in the 17th and 18th centuries has survived intact in the Chiloé archipelago, and achieves its highest expression in the outstanding wooden churches.

Question 37

Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile :ISSUES

Answer 37

-A shortage of the hardwood and the protection of the species that provide them present current challenges

Question 38

Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile :ISSUES OVERCOMING

Answer 38

-implemented a large- scale program since 2003 that has managed to reverse serious damage, -Investigating, recording and transmitting the building techniques to new generations

Question 39

15. Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile | Why it's a world heritage site

Answer 39

-Churches of Chiloé represent a unique example in Latin America of an outstanding form of ecclesiastical wooden architecture. -They represent a tradition initiated by the Jesuit Peripatetic Mission in the 17th and 18th -These churches embody the intangible richness of the Chiloé Archipelago, - Criterion (ii): The Churches of Chiloé are outstanding examples of the successful fusion of European and indigenous cultural traditions to produce a unique form of wooden architecture. - Criterion (iii): The mestizo culture resulting from Jesuit missionary activities in the 17th and 18th centuries has survived intact in the Chiloé archipelago, and achieves its highest expression in the outstanding wooden churches.

Question 40

Churches of Chiloé 2000, Chile :ISSUES OVERCOMING

Answer 40

-implemented a large- scale program since 2003 that has managed to reverse serious damage, -Investigating, recording and transmitting the building techniques to new generations

Question 41

16.Momia Guardiana’ , Caleta Camarones, Chile | Why a heritage site

Answer 41

- Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region 2021 -property presents the oldest known archaeological evidence of the artificial mummification of bodies with cemeteries that contain both artificially mummified bodies and some that were preserved due to environmental conditions. -mummies possess material, sculptural, and aesthetic qualities that are presumed to reflect the fundamental role of the dead in Chinchorro society.

Question 42

Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region Criterion 3 iii.

Answer 42

-Chinchorro Culture possess a unique or | at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared;

Question 43

Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region Criterion iv.

Answer 43

Settlement and Artificial Mummification of the Chinchorro Culture in the Arica and Parinacota Region has outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history;