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Sp1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formula for calculating gravitational force?

A

F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2

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2
Q

True or False: The mass of an object affects its weight on Earth.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the force that pulls objects toward each other.

A

gravitational force

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4
Q

What is the approximate value of gravitational acceleration on Earth?

A

9.81 m/s²

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5
Q

What is the main component of the universe that makes up about 73% of its total energy density?

A

dark energy

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6
Q

Define ‘escape velocity’.

A

The minimum speed an object must reach to break free from a celestial body’s gravitational pull.

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7
Q

What is the escape velocity for Earth?

A

11.2 km/s

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8
Q

True or False: The larger the mass of a planet, the higher its escape velocity.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

A

KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

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10
Q

What is the primary force acting on a satellite in orbit?

A

gravitational force

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the distance from the center of a planet to its surface.

A

radius

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12
Q

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

A

PE = m * g * h

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13
Q

True or False: All planets in the solar system orbit the Sun in perfect circles.

A

False

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14
Q

What does the term ‘light year’ measure?

A

The distance light travels in one year.

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15
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

Approximately 3.00 x 10^8 m/s

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16
Q

Define ‘black hole’.

A

A region in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape.

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17
Q

What is the formula for calculating the orbital period of a satellite?

A

T = 2 * π * √(r^3 / GM)

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ effect describes the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the wave.

A

Doppler

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19
Q

What is the unit of measurement for distance in astronomy?

A

parsec

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20
Q

True or False: The universe is expanding.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the primary evidence for the Big Bang theory?

A

Cosmic microwave background radiation

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22
Q

What is the formula for calculating the gravitational force between two masses?

A

F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the region around a black hole from which nothing can escape.

A

event horizon

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24
Q

What does the term ‘supernova’ refer to?

A

A powerful and luminous explosion of a star.

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25
What is the primary component of stars?
hydrogen
26
True or False: The Sun is a yellow dwarf star.
True
27
What is the process by which stars produce energy?
nuclear fusion
28
What is the formula for the gravitational potential energy near Earth's surface?
PE = m * g * h
29
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the pathway that planets follow as they orbit the Sun.
orbital path
30
What is the main reason for the seasons on Earth?
The tilt of Earth's axis relative to its orbit around the Sun.
31
What is the formula for calculating the centripetal force acting on an object in circular motion?
F = m * v^2 / r
32
True or False: An object in space experiences weightlessness due to the absence of gravity.
False
33
What is the term for the apparent shift in position of a nearby star against the background of distant stars?
parallax
34
What is the chemical composition of the Earth's atmosphere?
Approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and trace amounts of other gases.
35
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the layer of the atmosphere where most weather occurs.
troposphere
36
What is the term for the boundary between the Earth's atmosphere and outer space?
Kármán line
37
True or False: The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy.
True
38
What is the approximate number of galaxies in the observable universe?
2 trillion
39
What is the primary force that governs the motion of planets in the solar system?
gravity
40
What is the formula for calculating the distance to a star using parallax?
d = 1 / p (where d is distance in parsecs and p is parallax angle in arcseconds)
41
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a measure of how bright a star appears from Earth.
apparent magnitude
42
What is the term for a star's intrinsic brightness?
absolute magnitude
43
True or False: A light year is a measure of time.
False
44
What is the primary factor that determines a star's life cycle?
its mass
45
What is the term for the remnant core of a massive star that has undergone a supernova?
neutron star or black hole
46
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the temperature at which a star begins nuclear fusion.
core temperature
47
What is the term for the region of space having a gravitational field so intense that nothing can escape from it?
black hole
48
What is the formula for calculating the luminosity of a star?
L = 4 * π * R^2 * σ * T^4
49
True or False: The Sun is the only star in our solar system.
True
50
What is the main source of energy for the Sun?
nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium
51
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer layer of a star's atmosphere.
corona
52
What is the term for the process that describes how a star changes over time?
stellar evolution
53
What is the formula for calculating the force of gravity between two objects?
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
54
True or False: The universe is made up of only visible matter.
False
55
What is the primary component of the universe that makes up about 27% of its total energy density?
dark matter
56
What does the term 'cosmic microwave background radiation' refer to?
The afterglow radiation from the Big Bang.
57
Fill in the blank: The _____ is an area of space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing can escape it.
black hole
58
What is the term for the distance light travels in one year?
light year
59
True or False: The Earth's atmosphere protects us from harmful solar radiation.
True
60
What is the name of our galaxy?
Milky Way
61
What is the main force that keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
gravity
62
What is the formula for centripetal acceleration?
a = v^2 / r
63
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path.
centripetal force
64
What is the primary evidence for the existence of dark matter?
Gravitational effects on visible matter.
65
What is the term for the path that planets follow as they orbit the Sun?
orbit
66
True or False: The planets in our solar system orbit the Sun in a perfectly circular pattern.
False
67
What is the formula for calculating the angular momentum of an object?
L = m * v * r
68
What is the term for the acceleration of an object due to the gravitational pull of a planet?
gravitational acceleration
69
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the point in a planet's orbit where it is closest to the Sun.
perihelion
70
What is the term for the point in a planet's orbit where it is farthest from the Sun?
aphelion
71
What is the formula for calculating the gravitational potential energy of an object at height?
PE = m * g * h
72
True or False: The speed of light is constant in a vacuum.
True
73
What is the term for a group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity?
galaxy
74
What is the primary force that causes the orbits of planets to be elliptical?
gravity
75
What is the formula for calculating the density of an object?
density = mass / volume
76
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the measure of how much matter is contained in a given volume.
density
77
What is the term for the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer moving relative to the source?
Doppler effect
78
True or False: A neutron star is formed from the remnants of a supernova explosion.
True
79
What is the primary source of energy for the universe?
nuclear fusion in stars
80
What is the formula for calculating the gravitational force between two objects?
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
81
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the region of space around a black hole where light cannot escape.
event horizon
82

Space Physics (1 decks)

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