SP14a - SP14e test 1

Question 1

What is Sublimation?

Answer 1

When a solid turns into a gas without turning into a liquid first

Question 2

What is the Kinetic theory?

Answer 2

it states that everything is made of tiny particles

Question 3

Why cant solids be compressed?

Answer 3

because strong forces of attraction hold the particles closely together

Question 4

What are the properties of liquids?

Answer 4

forces of attraction aren’t strong enough to keep the fast moving particles in place so they are not in fixed positions

therefore they can move past each other which means they take the shape of their container

The particles are still very close together which means they can also cant be compressed

Question 5

What does it mean when a mass is conserved during a change of state?

Answer 5

When a change of state occurs mass is conserved which means mass is neither gained nor lost (stays the same)

Question 6

can gasses be compressed ? why?

Answer 6

Yes, because the particles are far apart due to the weak forces of attraction between them

Question 7

What is a Physical change?

Answer 7

a change is considered a physical change when no new substances are formed and the substance recovers its origin properties if the change is reversed

Question 8

How do you calculate density?

Answer 8

Density = mass / volume

Question 8

Do Chemical changes conserve mass?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

How are chemical changes different to physical changes?

Answer 9

chemical changes in a substances often cannot be reversed whilst in physical changes then can[

Question 10

Why do solids usually have higher density’s than their liquid form?

Answer 10

the particles in solids are closer together meaning they will have the same weight in a smaller volume resulting in a higher density

Question 11

What is thermal energy?

Answer 11

energy that is stored by heating, for example in the movement of particles

Question 12

What are the units for density?

Answer 12

kg/m3 and g/cm3

Kilogram per cubic meter
Gram per cubic centimeter

Question 13

what is the apparatus for the volume experiment?

Answer 13

Displacement can
Measuring Cylinder

Question 14

Using the volume experiment explain how you would measure the volume of a bolt?

Answer 14

First fill the displacement can to the brim.
Then place a measuring cylinder next to it.
Measure initial volume in cylinder (if any).
slowly place bolt into displacement can.
measure new volume of measuring cylinder
Subtract initial to find volume of bolt.

Question 14

How does temperature change affect different substances?

Answer 14

when a solid stores more thermal energy the vibration of its particles increase
When liquids and gases store more thermal energy their speed increases

Question 14

How do you maintain a store of thermal energy?

Answer 14

by reducing heat loss that is transferred to the surroundings. To do this you need to insulate the object by surrounding it with wool, foam or bubble warp

Question 15

What is meant by the ‘Specific Heat Capacity’ of a material?

Answer 15

the amount of energy it takes to increase the temperature of 1kg of that material by 1 Degrees Celsius

Question 16

What is meant by the ‘Specific latent heat’ of a material?

Answer 16

The amount of energy it takes to make 1kg of this substance change state

Question 17

What factors affect the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a substance?

Answer 17

type of material
mass
amount of temperature rise

Question 18

What is the formula of change in thermal energy?

Answer 18

Change in thermal energy = mass * specific heat capacity * change in temperature

Question 19

In what units is thermal energy measured in?

Answer 19

Joules

Question 20

In what units is specific heat capacity measured in?

Answer 20

Joules / kilograms ( J/Kg)

Question 21

In what units is specific latent heat measured in?

Answer 21

Joules / kilograms ( J/Kg)

Question 21

What is the formula of thermal energy needed for a change of state?

Answer 21

thermal energy needed for a change of state = mass * Specific latent heat

Question 22

How does kinetic energy correlate to temperature in gas particles?

Answer 22

the higher the temperature the higher the average kinetic energy in the gas particles

Question 23

What is the unit for pressure?

Answer 23

Pascals (Pa)

Question 24

What is the coldest temperature possible called?

Answer 24

Absolute Zero

Question 25

What is the lowest achievable temperature?

Answer 25

-273 Degrees celsius

Question 26

What happens to the gas particles of a gas that reaches absolute zero?

Answer 26

its particles completely stop moving

Question 27

How does the kelvin temperature scale measure temperature?

Answer 27

it measures temperature relative to absolute zero

Question 28

How much is 0 Kelvin in degrees Celsius?

Answer 28

-273 (Absolute Zero)

Question 29

How do you convert Kelvin to degrees Celsius and reverse?

Answer 29

To convert from Kelvin to degrees Celsius, subtract 273 To convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvin , add 273

Question 30

What are some things we can do to keep the volume experiment fair?

Answer 30

repeat and find average take measurements at eye level

Question 31

What is parallax error? how do you avoid it?

Answer 31

it is when you view the water level at an angle to it seems to be at a different level than it actual is take measurements at eye level

Question 32

What is the apparatus for the Specific heat capacity experiment?

Answer 32

Polystyrene cup / insulated cup Beaker Battery-Powered balance Thermometer Support stand electric heater stirrer joulemeter

Question 33

Describe the Melting ice experiment.

Answer 33

Place a boiling tube full of crushed ice into a pyrex beaker put a thermometer and record the temperature place the beaker onto a tripod and gauze pour hot water from a kettle into the beaker and keep it warm using a Bunsen burner measure temperature of ice in 1 minute intervals and record them stop recording 3 minutes after the ice has melted note the times at which the ice starts to melt and when it appears to be completely melted

Question 34

Describe he Specific heat capacity experiment.

Answer 34

Place a polystyrene cup in a beaker place the lid then place all of this onto a electric scale and zero the balance fill the cup almost to the top with water and write down its balance carefully remove the cup from the balance place a thermometer into the water and support it place the eclectic immersion heater into the water make sure heater is completely below water level connect the heater to a joulemeter record initial temperature of water switch heater on using the thermometer stir the water gently after 5 minutes record the temperature of the water write down the reading on the joulemeter